The Role of the Managers in Criminal Justice Organizations Essay

The Role of the Managers in Criminal Justice Organizations - analyse ExampleManagers play a significant role in improving the working of illegal arbitrator systems. Criminal justice management positions can range from the police chief of a small townsfolk police department to the director of a national crime-fighting organization (Marlow, 2011). All employees from lower level to higher(prenominal) level look towards the instructions of the double-deckers for doing any kind of operation. In flagitious justice organizations, a handler is a person who takes care of all administrative matters and issues. In an interview with Mr. Chris Banks, who is the investigation manager in a criminal justice organization, he stated that managers play different types of managerial roles in criminal justice organizations (personal communication, September 26, 2011). Some of the managerial posts in criminal justice organizations include investigation managers, correction officers, probation and parole managers, and administrative managers. A manager in such organizations non only instructs his/her subordinates but in addition motivates them to do well for the organizations. It is a fact that unskilled and untrained managers can never put the organization on the path of success rather they turn out to be great threats to the vision and commissioning of the criminal justice organizations. A manager in a criminal justice organization call for to be talented, resourceful, daring, and well experienced in order to be successful (More, Vito, & Walsh, 2011). Therefore, it is very important to hold such people for the posts of managers who should have enough skills and abilities to meet different kinds of challenges successfully. The experience and subsequent socialization of criminal justice managers help them work heroically to protect their systems (Stojkovic, Kalinich, & Klofas, 2008, p. 7). Managers in criminal justice organizations are capable to recognize the unique pe rspectives of all employees. It helps them create a better working relationship with the employees. A manager manages and controls a group of employees, which may include police officers and investigation officers, for achieving any specific goal or objective. According to Mr. Banks, to accomplish organizational goals, managers control sorts of employees beca office if the mindset of the employees and the managers will not be same, the managers will not be able to achieve the desired goals effectively (personal communication, September 26, 2011). Manages also play the role of leaders because they not only inspire other people by showing a dynamic behavior but also motivate them to accomplish the tasks in an effective manner. The level and the nature of interaction amid police officers, court officials, and managers matters a lot in criminal justice organizations. A manager is a supreme authority for the employees and the employees need to adhere to the instructions of their manage rs. It is the strength of interaction between the manager and the employees, which pick up the level of productivity and success of a criminal justice organization. In an interview with Mr. Steve Johns, who is the operations managers in an organization, he said that the role of managers in criminal justice organization is very influential and mangers use a directive approach to run all administrative matters (personal

Research log Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

query log - Essay ExampleHowever, as I went on to review the question, I was fit to lay step to the fore the highlights and the major aspects of the issue which were meant to make me understand the events as they unfolded. I was sufficient to learn the extent of the fretfulness felt by terrorist groups against the US and how these feelings stemmed mostly from the US foreign policies in the Middle eastern and in developing nations. I was also able to learn how these US foreign policies have been viewed by many Middle Eastern nations as purely economically based and more to the point oil-based. In the first few days of the research help, I was able to enhance my organizational research skills. beforehand the research, I did not have an organized way of carrying out research or in carrying out any of my academic tasks. I actually often ended up repeating myself or doing things doubly because I did not have good organizational skills. However, as I was going through the proce ss of research, I was forced to come up with a logical and orderly system in concourse info and in sorting out the data that I was able to gather. In so doing, I knew where to get the knowledge I needed and which part of the research they would be placed. I was also able to establish the information I still needed to research and what type of information I needed. I believe that the part of the research which was fountainhead organized and well done for me was the third chapter because the materials and information were well organized and logically flowed from one idea to the next. I believe that that part of the research process was able to highlight my strengths as a researcher and as a student. However, there were also some gainsay and difficult parts of the research process for me. It was very challenging for me to gain an quarry and well-rounded information about the topic. There are different sources of information about the topic and I tried my surpass to sift through t hese in order to come up with the best and the most objective sources of data. When I was about to finish the research and data gathering process, I was more or less assemble to plan and to write the initial chapters of the paper. In order for me to make a good start even so on the paper, I was planning to read the Unholy wars Afghanistan, America and international terrorism by Cooley and chip suicide bombing a worldwide campaign for life by Cherny. In order to successfully write the first chapter, I was called on to spend much time in researching about the 9/11 approachings itself. The areas of my research for this week included the assessment of the different events leading up to the 9/11 attacks and the immediate aftermath thereof. I found out that there were possible signs which indicated a possible attack on US soil, however no definitive threat was seen and was considered an immediate threat to the US and its inhabitants and territories. In order to ensure a good understan ding of the subject matter, I highlighted the importance of gaining balanced and objective research materials. I used both library searches through books and journals in order to facilitate data gathering. I also used the internet to search for possible recommended materials relevant to my research. Before I started with the research proc

VISUAL ANALYSIS PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

VISUAL ANALYSIS PAPER - p nightie Examplered that he yielded too much power and that he was a danger to their influence and most(prenominal) of the rulers chose to make him as an enemy rather than an asset to their rule as they believed that he was at that place to overtake. Furthermore, the scribes from the synagogues were withal opposed to his teachings since he condemned most of the self-righteous selfish acts that they committed (Voragine).The painting was done by oil on a canvas and the image size is 600 by 398 centimeters. There is a art object in the middle who is most likely Jesus Christ and he is wearing a robe with no headgear unlike the other men in the picture. The other men look as though they are condemning the man in the middle for one reason or another. The most likely cause for the ridicule analyzems to be the muliebrity in the painting as Christ was alleged(a) to be chaste at the time and he being with a woman went contrary to his teachings. The Jews spared no effort to make him look and feel guilty or find fault in him and either action that Christ did was met with criticism and harsh judgment.The painting was done by oil which makes it more slanted and more permanent including making the work look more real and it is so much easier to see the expressions of the faces of the people in the picture. It is also so much easier to see the kind of clothing that the people had faded and through the clothing, it is so much easier to tell the culture of the people and the things that they value over the others. Oil also makes the paint more permanent as it does not get washed away very easily. The var. of colors that paint offers is also magnificent as it is so much easier to differentiate people. The emotion in the picture is brought out and the people look as if they are about to lynch the man in the middle and the woman while the woman seems to be very afraid to be the only woman in the presence of men. Going by what was happening at t he time, it could be said that maybe she was displace by some high power so that she could tempt

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies Essay - 8

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies - Essay ExampleAlthough Merger and Acquisitions keep up numerous advantages, the fact that they argon faced with numerous challenges and risks is indisputable. This essay will compare a company that has no account statement of union and another that has pursued international market after a nuclear fusion relationship.Economists have delved into market research in order to explain the reason why some companies choose to tuck into merges or opt to purchase other companies while others remain adamant to do so. According to Swam and Casy (2012), merger and acquisition involves the transfer of all assets and liabilities to the new company that is formed or to the purchasing company. From this statement, it is clear that the fulfil involves the inheritance of all qualities of the companies so acquired, which points to the need for caution when considering the option. There has been a lot of emphasis on the many risks that a company mu st be prepared to encounter while considering either a merger or an acquisition. Therefore, the motives of acquiring, being acquired or even merging with another company must be clear and worth during the course of such a transition. In the US, the law provides regulations to govern mergers and acquisition in order to protect the welfare of the shareholders from the risk of this process.Choose two (2) public corporations in an industry with which you are familiar one (1) that has acquired another company and operates internationally and one (1) that does not have a history of mergers and acquisitions and operates solely within the U.SAlthough numerous companies in US have combined in a merger and acquisition process, there is evidence that some companies have remained reluctant to this kind of business strategy. For instance, Bright phratry Networks has exhibited no history of combining its assets with any other

Weaning And Nursering Protocol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Weaning And Nursering Protocol - Essay ExampleSemi-moist and liquid feeds, however, argon not recommended in the early stages of weaning because they reduce water feature and make it cloudy. In addition, care must be taken to provide only the right amounts of food since underfeeding causes cannibalism, stress and diseases while oer-feeding results in left over accumulations, cloudiness, water quality issues, disease outbreaks and stress. Therefore, the amount of food given is dependent on the stage of development, temperature of water, hatful of tank, species and flow rate. Since different species feed differently, one has to use their own observations while feeding to decide what amounts the larvae require. Aeration helps prevent the food conveniently suspended in the water (Benetti, 2014).Average to extensive aeration and the use of flow by means of water systems are useful when supplying artificial feeds/ diets. Live feeds and dry feeds (pellets) must be every bit spread out in the tank. Upon completion of weaning, fingerlings are given dry (pellet) and semi-moist foods, as per the recommendations of the manufacturer. In the apogee stages of weaning, that is, in the nursery, high quality animal protein (50% proteins, at least) pellets/ dry scrambles are advisable, yet variable with the species. Juveniles and fingerlings in the nursery level are given high protein foods several times daily till they are full. The average size of the scrambles or pellets to feed to the juveniles and fingerlings in the nursery are 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm and 1.8mm. this is the recommended range of sizes, and for the best pick, swell fingerling and juvenile observation is prudent. As the fingerlings mature into juveniles and consequently adults, the frequency of feeding is gradually reduced. Generally, high quality feeds safeguard water quality and provides the nutrient requirements for all fish species.After weaning, fingerlings are graded gibe to size and shifted to the nursery tanks with constant

Islam and Its Manifestations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islam and Its Manifestations - Essay ExampleFrom the essay Islam and Its Manifestations, it is clear that Muslim people believe in the infinite truth of their faith that is perceived by Qutb as the refusal of sciences acceptance. The rhetorical question arises whether they grow happier at the realizing that Islam is not so universal. In the capacity of spectacular example, the barbarian times of Arabs seizing of Persian and Greek knowledge are cited. It is the period when they show their brilliant capacity for sciences that can serve as a bright manifestation of nowadays senseless of Islamic rejection of scientific development of Muslim people. arctic to al-Afghanis idea, Qutb feels sorrow for the present position of Islam world that fell again into ignorance and became the center of religious fanaticism (Qutb 26). The cause wonders why Muslims must live in unknowing after such a great piece to the world science. The all menti sensationd aspects suggest that Islam in its vari ous manifestations is the somewhat contradictory issue. The common belief is that it is one of the firm religions as it has adopted the doctrinal beliefs which are perceived by Muslims without question. Still, such a record of absolute faith has not only its benefits but the implications as well. The bright example of the latter is the impossible action of scientific progress in the conditions of Islamic closed nature. Islam still does not recognize even the adventure of awareness of Muslims with all the advances of science.

The Great American Indigence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Great American distress - Research Paper ExampleIf the income distribution of a market is not equal, then the resource apportioning becomes ineffective. In such circumstances, the providence gets bifurcated into two groups namely, the haves and the have nots. An increase in the strength of the last mentioned is the underlying factor which generates pauperism in the saving. This research paper will explain the poverty of U.S. in details. coupled States PovertyPoverty is the state of misery that can exist in any terra firma in the world. If a nation is poor, then it is not capable of meeting the basic requirements of its citizens. Poverty not only dampens the economic prosperity of a expanse, but also brings about the consumefall of human experience in a nation1. This research paper will consider the extent of poverty in United States. It was earlier believed by the economists that poverty only had its presence in the lagging and underdeveloped nations in the world. How ever, the contemporary economic affairs of the world show that rich developed nations like, United States, also house demonstrable amount of poverty in its domestic economy.Poverty in United States As recorded in 2011, the take aim of poverty in United States was about 15%. It was estimated that around 46.2 million individuals in the country were poor11. The median level of the family incomes of the individuals of the country had fallen by almost 1.5% from 2010 to 2011. It has been claimed by the researchers that the poverty in U.S. is rattling responsible for the rise in the countrys level of un fight. After the globalization of the world economy in 1990, the competences of the developed nations have fallen significantly. The fall in the core competences in U.S. have resulted in a decline in employment opportunities in the nation. The fall in the income prospects have increased the poverty in U.S. Then again, the poverty in U.S. is seen to be generally urban in nature. III. Caus es of Poverty in that respect are various causes or reasons that have caused the poverty in U.S. The big American corporate companies unendingly outsource their requirement of skilled labor workforce from the developing nations in the world. This is because skilled and educated workers in those nations are available at a cheaper cost. This has made the U.S. workforce less competitive in nature, thereby lacking the proper knowledge which is needed for maintaining high paid business organisations. Thus, lack of higher education and knowledge among the youth of U.S. is a prime reason for its impending urban poverty. The recession in the world economy since 2007 has added fuel to the fire of dismay for the U.S. individuals. Low velocity of money circulation in the economy has reduced the productivity and investment thresholds of the nation2. A fall in the level of productivity in the economy has been responsible for the job losses in the nation. In figure 1 at the end, it can be obs erved that down the years from 1968 to 2012, the workforce participation in U.S. did not increase. Rather, the trend shows a fall in the employment opportunities. Then again, it is obvious and quite natural that the population strength of the country has increased with time. The employment level in the nation has not increased in equivalence to the rise in the population of the nation10. This shows that a large proportion of the individuals in U.S. is unemployed and therefore, leads their lives as poor urban individuals. The

Creation of a navigation system for impaired hearing persons Essay

Creation of a pilotage strategy for afflicted perceive persons - Essay ExampleThis report has outlined some of the main stages, their requirements, operable accepts, and other valuable details. I hope this research exit offer a brief radical of development of navigational system for impaired hearing people.5A lot of people relieve oneself hearing problems. In addition, a moment of people have difficulties to discover their way back hearth or to other places by foot. Until now, in that respect are lots of products available for both problems, however there are no such systems or devices, which are resolving both difficulties at the same time. So, I have decided to develop a navigation system for impaired hearing persons. This report will provide a brief introduction of different aspects of navigation system development for hearing impaired persons.The development of the system will started after collecting the system main development requirements. In this signifier we will require to require a detailed analysis of overall system development requirements analysis. For this occupation we need to take requirements through an extremely carefully way. This involves the better understanding of the main problems and difficulties faced by these people and needs for the system for their movement and navigation within specific bowls. For this purpose we need to conduct detailed interviews, analytical studies, and surveys for collecting the main requirements from impaired hearing people.This process will be almost sensitive area or phase of this system development process. This will involve the designing of system for hearing impaired persons, which will offer them better and automatic navigation all through their way. This area will require extensive user interface designing and interaction research. This system will need a special type of system that involves the enhanced user interface specially designed for hearing impaired persons. This will involve so me special treatment for the people who have less number are interaction means to world. Here we will add some

Assignment 2-Exploring Ethnographies Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2-Exploring Ethnographies - Assignment ExampleThis is observed meticulously and scrupulously. The men of any age, meeting by chance on the road or any place whiz or more women, not only will keep from being stopped, they will not look at them, Page 20 134 cont. will eve turn away to look toward the opposite side, as though to indicate that they want even to fly the danger and occasion of their eyes meeting. Failure in this traditional precept is considered very grave, and the culprit would evanesce into the general indignation, into the censure of all, since any look or smile betwixt persons of different sex and different dynasty is generally considered bad and immoral. Never will the women of one dynasty let themselves be seen eating or insobriety in the presence of men of another dynasty, and vice versa. There is not, however, any prohibition of these relations between individuals of the same dynasty, be they men or women. Therefore, when one sees, a man conferenceing to a woman, one is to understand immediately that they be from the same dynastic branch, because, even between husband and wife, the same rules are observed in public, even though not so scrupuleusly it will, however, be difficult for the man to talk or to offer anything to his own wife in public, to place her by his side or for them to be together, except when they leave the house and both go to gather fruits, small tubers, or other things in the ferest this is considered a private act.6. What aspect of the culture subject of your group differs from a practice (or aspect of a practice) in modern-day American culture? Write at least(prenominal) three sentences explaining how it differs, providing at least one example.America is rich in cultural diversity one can find mass belonging to different backgrounds, ethnicity, and race sharing the same space. American constitution allows full freedom to its residents to do it life of their own choice. A Negro can marry an Irish born, or a Lat in can

Critical Response Papers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critical Response Papers - Research Paper ExampleIn the meantime, the three candidates have to confront the disapproving society that considers their kin as somewhat unconventional. The homosexual relationships adorn some form of deviation from normative practices, which disallow sexual relationships that fall outside the accepted forms of conduct in the society. In essence, the three men have to build a private world that exists indoors the larger external world and attempt by different means to re pay back the conventions that determine the rules of sexuality. It becomes outstanding to consider the fact that some of the issues that connect to the reality around the world have to be considered from the hint of view of masculinity and sexuality. In normal practice, it is important to consider the fact that some issues that relate to matters of widely distributed interest have to be determined from the point of view of desire as it affects the male characters. The manakin of re lationship that defines the character of the different people has to be considered at heart the context of a range of issues that knead perceptions and conventions. Desire, according to the conventions of the society, relates to the differences in perceptions involving sexual orientations, which appear to challenge and disrupt normative practices. The confusion that characterizes the lives of the characters in the video is most telling when considered from the point of view of Tinas life. The film explores the question of gender in a way that opens up the possibility of individuals converting into another gender. Tina switches from being a boy to a girl in order to engage in a love relationship with her father. The film illustrates the aspect of transcending normative practices and increase the possibility of transformation across the lines of gender. In essence, it becomes important to consider the fact that some of the issues that connect within the structure have to relate to unhomogeneous issues that affect and are, in turn, affected by the practices of the main characters. Lesbianism and intrepid relationships are explored in ways that demonstrate the variations from norms and ascendant perspectives of the society. Male attraction to fellow men features conspicuously in the film in ways that illustrate the unconventional nature of inner feelings and unstable conditions that define the kind of relationship between the male subjects. The male characters are portrayed as generally commensurate of engaging the major differences between the main actors and the different issues that affect perceptions on matters of sexuality and sexual relationships of iodine gender. In this manner, it becomes appropriate to consider the fact that some of the issues that concern the differences in character are considered as a sum of various influences that determine the worldview of the characters as perceived from the relationship of the major characters. Tinas relatio nship with her father shows the extreme form of sexual disorientation that redefines the relationship between the male subjects. Generally, the movie explores the various angles of gender and sexuality with specific attention to the male characters. The definition of gender acquires multiple understandings because it is separated from the dominant perceptions

Discuss two different public policy case studies Essay

Discuss 2 different macrocosm polity eggshell studies - Essay ExampleThe primary objective of this essay is to examine two public policies case studies, taking into account the theoretical foundations of a public policy, concepts and models and any early(a) critical component. in that locationafter, the paper testament comp ar these two public policy initiatives in different settings. The paper considers public policy associated with the public interest that is the big picture view, the need for public servants to commit their energies for the bigger picture, the wider interests. It also emphasizes the sizeableness of the procedures and tactics for both policy instruction and public participation and the commitment and skills required to cooperate with other sectors and the public. The paper proposes that the initial intention of a public policy is that of inclusion, that is every member of a fellowship must be included in the social and economic activities of a system. Dev elopment of a in the public eye(predicate) Policy In the development of a public policy it is important to critically study the content, genesis, principle and structures of the public policy Ashford (1992, p.354). Further, it is important to achieve an understanding of the people involved in this process and the highway through which public policy is developed. In outlining the rationale guiding development of a public policy, we bring by the foundations upon which a concept might be established upon, the definition of a public policy. There are numerous definitions of a public policy, but the definition must contain aspects of ideas, values, decisions made and actions taken, pursue or ignored by the relevant authority with respect to the achievement of that idea or syllabus Braun and Busch (1999, p.61). This if natesdidly stated would imply choices and decisions taken by a government that will post actions that might follow from the initial choice or decisions. Public poli cies can be split into two classes there are policies that are already on the public order of business and there are policies that are yet to be formulated. Public policies can also be split into two, a policy can either be regulative or allocative (Harrington, Estes and Crawford 2004, p.7). The policy that is already on the public agenda is already prioritized and the necessary formal stages are in place, on the other hand, any issue that is not on the public policy agenda requires sufficient information and education from all the relevant stakeholders to initiate its development and to oversee its implementation. Gerston (1997, p.63) suggests that for a public policy to be classified as a public agenda it must meet three criteria , first, the policy must have a wide scope, second the sham of the policy must be felt, this the intensity criterion and finally it must have been developed earlier, the fourth dimension criterion. Public policies have been formulated for a number of r easons, Blakely and Leigh, (2010, p.127) suggests that public policy satisfy three shopping centre reasons reactive, proactive and proactive demands. Public policy formulation is deemed as reactive when it acts in response to legitimate issues and demands that are arising, either out of pre-warning or with minimal warning to the relevant authority, external factors or inborn factors. The process may entail the plan to resolve that problem or

The Potentials of the Next Generation Consumers of iPhone Essay

The Potentials of the near Generation Consumers of iPhone - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that according to various kinds of literature, it has been widely accepted that a well-built merchandising framework comprises certain essential strategic measures and approaches that further leverage marketers to conduct the long-term sustainability of their offerings within a especial(a) business industry. In this similar context, a reinforced partitioning of market or target consumers can be asserted as one of the most good approaches implemented by the brass instruments while marketing new brands within a particular business market. Moreover, an co-ordinated marketing mix eventu onlyy facilitates implementation of strategies associated with product, place, price, and promotion and therefore, ensures the delivery of adequate opportunity to the organizations to build a strong market for their respective products and/or utilitys. Marketing of a product and/o r a service is duly considered to be the most effective practices of an organization in building its long-term sustainability in a particular industry or business market segment. To overcome the challenges presented by the current fiercely free-enterprise(a) scenario affecting contemporary organizations belonging to different business industries, an effective and well-built marketing plan plays a crucial role not only to make the offered products successful but also to build a strong position of the products/services and gain competitive advantages through augmenting brand value on the whole. An effective marketing strategy may require the adoption of multiple tools and techniques that can enable marketers to gain significant insights and bring forth an exceptional brand image of the product in consumers mind. The aim of the discussion henceforth is to identify and value the potentials of the next generation consumers of iPhone product line for Apple and propose marketing mix str ategies that would assist the organization in gaining a competitive positioning over its close rivals. iPhone is commonly characterized as a particular product line of smartphones, which is designed, manufactured and marketed by one of the leading brands in the global Information technology (IT) industry, Apple Inc. In the year 2007, the company launched the first generation of this product, which attracted a huge volume of tech-savvy customers from all around the globe.

Why should we study rhetoric Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

why should we study rhetoric - Essay ExampleThere are three kinds of rhetoric - deliberative oratory, forensic oratory, and epideictic oratory - each type, or the combination of two or all types, provide individuals with a sum to effectively persuade based on the type of situation a obstetrical delivery must grapple with. Deliberative oratory, for example, depicts to be an effective tool when persuading an interview to take action in the future. This category is utilise today in avenues of legislation such as the U.S. Senate, where lobbyists convince legislators to take action in any abolishing or creating a law. Forensic oratory, on the other hand, dealing with events that happened in the past, is an effective tool to prove or disprove events or acts that supposedly took place. Lawyers in court proceedings use this today. Lastly, Epideictic oratory, which aims to convince an audience about the pros and cons of a belief or ideology is an effective tool commonly used in most pub lic speeches today.Rhetoric is also an efficient means to communicate. By looking into the parts of a rhetorical speech, one can observe the efficient manner that the speech is organized. A rhetorical speech has three major subdivisions - the introduction, them idle, and the conclusion.

Summary of the article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary of the article - Essay Examplefor existing depreciation rules as impairment would supervene if they violate the requirement of depreciation charges while reflecting the use of the asset in revenue-generating process.The article then proposes an epigrammatic constitution that is compatible with the recent accounting standards. This system shall also test the compatibility of the any depreciation method with the changed requirements for accounting. The taken for granted(predicate) system proposed has three requirements.Firstly, the periodic depreciation charge has to be non-negative. Secondly, the depreciation charge is not greater than the cash be given for that period. And lastly, the periodic depreciation charge maintains the essential aspect of matching linguistic rule between depreciation and cash flow. The article then highlights how current depreciation methods violate the above axiomatic system.The focus of the article then shifts to proportional depreciation met hod which directly depends on the cash flow of the asset. Two requirements of consistency are then proposed, namely, Partition Consistency and Dynamic Consistency. The first requirement assures that in that respect is consistency between depreciation charges throughout any sub-period division throughout an assets life. The succor requirement demands that if there is no change in the economic fundamentals during the assets utilitarian life, then the original computation of the depreciation charges will sustain.A detailed description of the axiomatic system is given along with its implications. The three axioms are formulated, their definitions are provided while their respective proofs are provided in the appendix. The proportional depreciation system is described and proof is provided about it sustaining the three axioms.The article then enters into the phase of define partition consistency and dynamic consistency. They are linked to the axioms and a very solid relationship is c omplete between these two consistencies and proportional depreciation method.The

Why the suicide rate is high for teenagers Essay

Why the suicide rate is high-pitched for teenagers - Essay ExampleHowever, despite suicide being one of the leading ca dos of deaths there has been short(p) apparent movement to address the menace as used in former(a) causes such as heart diseases, cancer, human immunodeficiency virus/Aids and so on (American Foundation for self-annihilation Prevention 1). Although suicide is preventable, either there is little understanding or loss of concern about its causes and the prevention measures to be applied. This document examines the major causes and the interventions remove to reduce the prevalence of suicide among the teenagers.There are various issues responsible for the prevalence of suicide among the teenagers that single stakeholders need to understand and address clearly in order to reduce the suicide. Depression and other intellectual disorders are some of the major causes of suicide among teenagers. The mental disorders and depression are caused by various factors curious ly among the young generation (Huisman, Pirkis and Robinson 282). For example, abuse of drugs, social rejection, domestic conflicts, sexual abuse, academic failure, etc. When teenagers encounter challenges that retain them feel demoralized, they are most likely to suffer depression and other mental disorders (American Foundation for Suicide Prevention 1). Depression and mental disorders can result in suicide as teenagers seek for a solution to their problems. In every successful suicide, there are between 8 and 25 essay suicides (American Foundation for Suicide Prevention 1). The teenagers who undergo treatment after attempted suicide respond positively to antidepressants. Therefore, it is essential for the people relatives, friends and neighbors to recognize any behavioral change that could result in depression and other mental disorders and address them before they cause teenagers to commit suicide.In American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, the use of antidepressants has bee n reported to lower the rate of suicide among the teenagers (1). Most of

English Learning Methods Essay Example for Free

English Learning Methods EssayAlthough most people stub realize the importance of English in modern life. Mastering English is quite difficult for them, why? Because they dont find out a able way to make up ones mind. I state you about the way to learn English I think it is the best. It is combination of two factors learning inside the class and learning away(p) the class.Learning inside the class is very necessary for learners for experience, a good environment for practicing and motivation of send packingvas. head startly, you should tackle part fully in class to get knowledge from teachers who can shargon their valuable experiences for studying English with us, and they also give comment or feed back about your mistakes if you have , they can explain about what you dont understand the English lessons.Second, class is good environment for studying, is where we can communicate with your friends in English and check your knowledge level, beside when you learn inside the class, you have competition with others, which make you have more motivation for studying but joining in class every day isnt still equal time for your practice to become a good learner. You should spend more time on practicing yourself at home. Learning English outside is also important. You can study English online at home with threes reasons non spend much fees, have suitable lesson for each person and have more interesting for lessons.First learning English online at home, which decrease fees for us and dont much time for moving, second there are umpteen kinds of lesson which are suitable with each learners level, there are courses for beginners, both adults and children, as well as more advanced courses for those who work their way up through the lessons. The advanced lessons are also suitable for those who do have the basics of the English language and want to increase their skills in reading, speaking, listening and writing.Thirdly, having many funny activities from Engli sh online course. It makes learners more interesting for studying. For example, play funny games such as play cards, puzzle, crossword, or hangman. Moreover, you can watch English film, listen to English news, read English newspaper or bawl out with native speakers. Many people have the idea that learning English is a difficult process. In fact, the opposite is true and the language is really easy to learn if you spend time on practicing it general with above method. You will become a good learner English.

Human Capital, Inequality and Growth in Transition Economies Essay Example for Free

Human detonator, Inequality and Growth in Transition Economies EssayHuman Capital can be defined as the accumulation of competences and knowledge in one-on-ones gained by dint of cultivation and experience, non forgetting their personality attributes. All these put together en commensurate individuals effectivley perform profit competent and r howeverue generating economic activities. such(prenominal) competent persons in a society ar at cadences reffered to as a work force or elbow greaseforce. Some examples of investings in humans that bequeath in human crown ar education, wellness and training. As Becker says, human upper-case letter investments raise the earning ability of individuals, improve health and add to an individuals good habits. The name disagreement generally refers to disparities in access to opportunities or resources amongst individuals, groups or even countries. Some of the common causes of dissimilarity are gender, race, age, geographical loc ation and even cultural practices. Inequality normally results in observ adapted differences in levels of offshoot and development of individuals or from one society to an some some other. Education is the process through which individuals are able to acquire basic skills necessary for life.It is the understanding and interpretation of knowledge that empowers individuals to develop a logical and rational number mind. The rational mind is then is able to determine relationships amongts pertinent variables, thereby fostering understanding. Education involves completing curriculum based fixed time achievements, aimed at building professional capabilities. At the individual level, it develops the capabilities and potentials of the individual so as to prepare them to be successful in a specific society or culture. In this case therefore, education serves an individualsdevelopmental needs.When education happens at the societal level, it is thus defined as a process by which society tr ansmits to cutting members the values, beliefs, knowledge and symbollic expressions that make communication possible within that society. In this sense, education serves a social and cultural function. Roland (2000) says that renewing economics, also known as diversity economics refers to a state whereby economies cede gradually changed over from socialism to capitalism, an example being the reason socialist economies. There is a shift from standardized prices and monetary theories to institutions geared towards a higher(prenominal) efficiency.This intonation can only thrive if there is sustained disposal and semipolitical accept. The Soviet Union in full, is known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), It was characterised by a single communist political party, a planned economy and the KGB security agency which closely monitored activities within the union. USSR was formed in celestial latitude 1922 and by 1956, it was comprised of 15 countries with Moscow be ing the capital city. The fifteen countries included Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.Dissolution of USSR begun in 1985 and move upto 1991, with the fifteen member states gaining their independence a few months before the Soviet Union collapsed in late(a) 1991. Fol piteousing the collapse of the Soviet Union, restructuring of the administrative functions and development of a market based system was today embarked on through Yeltsins shock program.The aim was to improve standards of living, ensure equitable resource allocation, create new production avenues, invoke liberalization, and provide incentives through privatization activities. However, a free and liberalised market did not come without ny challenges. By 1992 Russia suffered a deppressed life expectancy, twenty five percent of the population lived in abject indigence, there were low birthrates, and a downward sloping Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, due to increased investment activities, exploitatation of important natural resources and increased business development activites, the economy begun to make significant improvement. The aim of this paper is to explore how education as a detailor of human capital and inequality influenced growth in handing over economies, with respect to the former Soviet Union countries (FSU). Theoretical look forHuman capital with need to education and levels of inequality both have an impact on the growth experienced in transition economies. This growth is therefore an end result of quality educational investments and equitable distribution and allocation of vital resources across a land. Such a hypothesis makes growth the dependent variable whose outcome is influenced by devil independent variables namely education and inequality. Observation of growth and development trends in transition economies and the developing world, have shown that education can have both positive and negative impacts on an economy. wiz of the positive impacts is that persons who suffer the relevant knowledge and skills required by organizations are able to access better job opportunities as opposed to those who are poorly meliorate. In addition, high levels of education enable individuals to secure jobs in other countries, thus helping to alleviate the problem of unemployement in their mother country. Spagat (2002) observed that during Russias transition, intellectual individuals were more motivated to pursue more education opportunities and in return, became very successful in their careers.In regard to the economic transition in the former Soviet Union countries (FSU), educated parents who still held education in high esteem, were very focused on ensuring that their children acquired the same level of education as them or even higher. While on the other hand those parents who viewed education as a burden rather than an invest ment focused on the bare minimum, that is, basic education. The result of this attitude was that these particular families remained trapped at a basic education level and so was their access to income generating opportunities.Through education and training, individuals acquire problem solve skills and entrepreneur management skills which inturn, help them set up and operate successful ventures, in the process creating commerce opportunities. In addition, as the field of education grows within a country with more universities, colleges, high schools and elemental schools being constructed, more job opportunities are created in the education sector. Persons who are well educated are likely to secure better paying jobs, which inturn increases their purchasing power plus it increases the demand for goods and services ready(prenominal) in the economy.The net effect of this, is creation of more job opportunites in the production and service sectors. These persons are able to improve t heir standards of living including those of their dependants. In addition, issues of health and fertility are decided upon from a intentional point, (Newell and Reilly, 1999). Through education, individuals are exposed to society and they acquire important attributes and values that can help them elicit their capacity to interact and relate with other persons in society.As a result, they able to adapt and administer with the dynamics of the workplace. Last but not least, education as a contributor to human capital enhances economic growth and development in a country, since the human capital is equipped on how to exploit the countrysnatural resources profitably. Countries lacking this human capital are neither able to exploit their resources adequately, nor are they able to develop their economy at the desired pace. Barro (1998) argues that human capital enhances absorption and application of superior technologies from other countries.Young and educated persons under the guidance of the older folk are able to conduct research and development. The improved technology in a transitional economy enhances the speed and quality of production of goods and services, through improved and more cost efficient work processes. The youthful industries are in turn able to meet rising demands, both domestic and foreign hence increasing their revenues and taxes to the government. Munich et al (1999), argue that in a transition economy, government support and positive attitude towards investments in human capital is essential.The government has to allocate funds for example for building schools and also for enticing people to enroll in this schools. However, the aid of the enrollment levels is a continued process whose economic benefits are only realised over time as was seen in the Czech Republic. In support of this argument, Spagat (1995) warns that it is even though human capital take for granteds years to accumulate, it actually takes a very short while to deteriorate , hence governments cannot afford to postpone this investment, even temporarily.The governments must(prenominal) ensure that education and other skills are transferred effectively from one generation to the next. Restructuring of education, needs to be make from the very beginning of the transition from socialism, in order to immediately improve educations quality. There is a multiplier factor effect that comes with better quality education. The first being an increased access to job opportunities, higher hire and consequently more tax revenue for the government. The major effect however, is that it sets the standards for future generations, both in term of quality of education and future incomes, (Spagat, 2002).Fan et al (1999) said that the young people of Russia during the transition had brusque or no motivation to put effort to pursue education. This is because the education system had not been restructured to pock the market-oriented system and therefore the returns were not high. World Bank (1995) accused Russia of concentrating on spewing out scientists and engineers instead of producing a mixture of professionals who would support the different sectors of Russias economy. They only increased between 1991 and 1994, but this human capital investment deteriorated again by 1996, (Brainerd (1998).In order to make ends meet, many dropped out of school and opted for jobs such as taxi drivers, street vendors and some even joined the Mafioso for a quick buck. All was not lost however, when we remember individuals like the HungarianAmerican entrepreneur George Soros, who provided funds that would help these countries implement reforms for a better future. OECD (1996) advised that schools and tertiary institutions should not be the only avenues through which education is attained. OECD (1996) advised that vainglorious learning should be encouraged in order to help the older generations access more income.In addition, pre-schooling of children below the ag e of formal schooling, which was a common feature of the FSU countries fostered child development and also disposed(p) these children for formal education. In these former Soviet Union countries, the major advantage of pre-schooling their young children was in the fact that it freed the women to participate in economic activities, and it also reduced education disparities between children of the educated parents and those of the less educated parents.Micklew rightfield (2000) wrote that investment in learning institutions ensures sustained educational gains. For example, in some of the Soviet Union countries, teachers gain wages so low that they spent their time looking for more income instead of teaching. In addition, patch and maintenance of the buildings was neglected and with lack of heating during winter, schools would be closed. The other problem was the shortage of textbooks.However, these countries tried to spare the situation by offering meals at school between 1989 and 19 96, in order to entice parents to take their children back to school. In countries such as, Yugoslavia, Armenia, Georgia, Tajikistan and Albania, the transition was characterised by serious geographical disparities caused by war, civil and cultural strife. Facilities were destroyed, hundreds of families were displaced out of their homes and schools were closed, (World Bank, 1997b), thus slowing down the ongoing projects. Human capital is vital for growth of transition economies.Growth should be stimulated across all sectors of the economy and in each part of the country so as to rapidly raise the standards of living and reduce inequalities between urban and rural areas. lament interest should be paid especially to rural areas, in order to eliminate the possibility of mushrooming of pockets of poverty across the country. According to Flemming and Micklewright (1999), ensuring that access to education is recognized by FSU countries as a human right as stipulated in international law , will greatly boost growth of human capital.Equal rights promote equal access to opportunities and it also reduces discrimination based on gender, race, religion or economic status. Income inequality rose in the Czech Republic and Russia and was very high between 1988 and 1996. In order to support a transition economy, Spagat (2002) suggests that a balance should be created between skilled and unskilled labour. This is because most young people either worked on a full time basis and neglected pursuit of higher education, or they pursued higher education and then begun working at a later stage.One of the negative impacts of education on a country is that by having too many educated persons, the labor market gets saturated thus resulting in a drop in the amount of wages that employers are willing to offer. In turn this acts as a demotivator of the labor force and may also result in brain drain whereby qualified personnel leave their mother country for better opportunities in other co untries. The unemployed persons are normally seen resulting to social ills such as alcoholism, drug abuse and robbery amongst others. These social ills inturn dissuade local and foreign investors from putting their money in an unsafe country.

Marketing Mix Essay Example for Free

marketing Mix Essay overchargeIn this paper I will define what a beloved marketing mix requires and recognise how a caller uses this process to market their product. I have chosen Anytime seaworthiness as my company to do my paper on. Anytime Fitness is a unique panache of fitness club that is in a very competitive market place. Their marketing mix focuses on all of the four Ps to deplumate customers. They locate miserable neighborhood clubs unaired to where people live and work. They atomic number 18 a no frills physical exertion union that offers weights and cardio equipment. This allows people with busy lifestyles to workout whenever they have time. Anytime Fitness too offers a very good pricing send off for case-by-cases and families.Marketing MixEven with the economy that appears to be slowing down about business are still growing. With people wanting to lose weight and get in conformation some fitness clubs are still expanding. The low cost approach that An ytime Fitness has may be a big reason for their continuing growth. With a good marketing mix Anytime Fitness is a fast growing business. They have tailor made their fitness clubs with the busy person in mind. Anytime Fitness offers small workout centers within three miles of most of their customers homes or work. I will show in this paper what different type of marketing mix Anytime Fitness uses to be a leader in market.DefinitionA good marketing mix includes four main points. These are considered the four Ps of marketing. Product is the first item this can be an actual product or a dish out. some other things that are considered part of the product are the quality, style, and steady packaging. The next item is price decision. This includes pricing strategy, suggested retail price, volume discounting and wholesale price. There could be other items included in pricing but not limited to seasonal and bundling pricing (The Marketing Mix, 2007).Place is the next of the items that mak e up a good marketing mix. This is also considered the distribution of the product or lets moreover says getting the product to the customer. This could be the location you plan to provide your service or product. Generally speaking distribution includes warehousing, distribution centers, couch processing and transportation. Thefinal stage of a good marketing mix is promotion. This stage includes promotional strategy, advertising, personalized sales and sales promotions (The Marketing Mix, 2007).ProductThe term product refers to tangible, physical products as well as services (The Marketing Mix, 2007). I believe the product that Anytime Fitness offers is a great product which is a basic workout center. They have free weights, weight lifting machines and cardiovascular equipment. They also offer free untrammelled tanning with most memberships. All the workout centers are open twenty-four hours a day, three degree centigrade and sixty-five days a year. This is possible by allowin g members in the gymnasium when it is not staffed. This also cooperates to conquer the cost of operating the facilities as well. To allow this to happen, each member receives an electronic key that opens the door. They have a monitor that sounds an alarm if two people try to walk in at the same time. The also have several security cameras that can be monitor at any location a manager or owner may want to use.PlacePlace is concerned with all the decisions involved in getting the right product to the target markets Place. A product isnt much good to a customer if it isnt available when and where its wanted (McCarthy and Perreault, 2005 P 39). Anytime Fitness lives and breathes this statement. This is one of the items that made me change from the mega gym that I was previously a member of. Anytime Fitness locates all their workout centers in small shopping centers close to their members home or places of work. The average distance a member travels to reach a workout center is three miles. They are also opening smart clubs at rate of more than one a day. They also are one of a few fitness franchises to succeed in littler tribe centers traditionally ignored by larger clubs (Anytime Fitness, 2008).PriceYou might think that lowest price is forever release to win. This statement could not be farther from the truth. The best price for the product or service is a more accurate statement. I have one fitness club that charges eighty dollars a month per member. They offer a product that is more than just a workout center. I do not know all what they offer but it appears they offer activities for the kids, rock climbing classes and basically just aplace to relax. So for some people the eighty-dollar price tag is a good call. The gym I was formally a member of offered all different types of group workout type classes and individual trainers. They also had a smoothie bar, a large locker area with a sauna. The price there was forty-five dollars a month. This was a go od price point for what was offered. Anytime Fitness price is only thirty-five dollars per month but as I have described earlier this club just offers a basic workout facility.PromotionWhen planning a promotion you have to also have intend a budget for your promotions. Publicity and public relations are also part of the promotions part of a good marketing mix. Anytime Fitness is not only the largest fitness club but also the sudden growing, fitness club franchise in the world. They nearly doubled in size from 308 to 604 clubs in 2007. They plan to open their 1000th club in 2008 (Anytime Fitness, 2008). One of their promotions that I took advantage of was a pricing promotion. This was a grand opening pricing promotion. When my son sign-language(a) up for thirty-five dollars a month he was told that his whole family could sign up for a monthly rate of fifty-five dollars. I was currently stipendiary forty-five dollars a month for just myself. I now have my wife and daughter signed up with my son and myself for only fifty-five dollars. Good promotions will usually draw in new customers but you also have to weigh the cost of every promotion.ConclusionThere are many an(prenominal) different factors involved in a good marketing mix. Even though there are only four main categories, these points are broken down into many different points. This is all a part of a good marketing plan. The market place is very competitive all going after the same customers. The companies that succeed find ways to attract a large portion of these customers. As you can see different people have different opinions on what a good deal is. Anytime Fitness is marketing their product to the busy person who is looking for more of a convenience style club than a club with many different options for exercising or in some cases even entertainment. I personally prefer this style club to the mega clubs. I was a member of a small club very similar to Anytime Fitness when it built a mega club and closed all the smaller clubs in the surrounding area. Iconstantly had trouble finding open equipment to use and when I was lastly done workout and needed to squander to go to work there was never a shower open. Anytime Fitness found a market they had a chance to succeed in. Their marketing program has help to make them a very successful company.References(2008). The Anytime Fitness Story. Retrieved April 5, 2008, from Anytime Fitness Web site http//www.anytimefitness.com/corporate/about(2007). The Marketing Mix. Retrieved April 6, 2008, from Net MBA Business Knowledge Center Web site http//www.netmba.com/marketing/mix/McCarthy, E, Perreault, W (2005). introductory Marketing.New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Theory, Design, and Specification Essay Example for Free

Theory, Design, and Specification EssayThe development and exercise of computer programs and projects be indeed complicated as they involved numerous aspects and tinges, critical challenges and problems in its procedures, and other hindrances that are likely to affect their effectiveness and relevance. To preserve the effectiveness of the relevance of the programs, the projects must carefully, strategically, and doctrinalally computer programned and align to ensure that all important concerns are addressed and covered to avoid complications and unexpected hindrances.In the wrong stages of every project and program is the systematic organization and plan of its processes and procedures wherein the organizers expect likely problems, the value of the required elements, the approach that the program is to be applied, its actual relevance and others. Through taking in this course to begin with the actual application promotes the success and effectiveness of the program. Consider the case of establishing a certain social program that is concerned with providing healthcare assistant towards children that are out-of-school and are highly impoverished subjects. This program is founded establish on the ideal vision of helping children through providing critically needed assistance in their healthcare needs, which are often negated due to certain financial and social hindrances. However, regardless of its ideal vision, this project alike has its own shares of stumbling hindrances and problems, which are critical for its development and actual social application. Due to which, strategic and systematic planning and organizing are necessary to secure its relevance and success regarding its social value. Considering the factors and elements involved in this social program, the plan regarding this social program is outlined under three concerns namely the theory behind the projects, the design of its operation, and the specifications and scope of its ac tual application. This program is mainly based on the view and realization with the importance of healthcare assistance for children, which is often negated due to their financial and social condition. Because healthcare is viewed also as a fundamental compulsion for a healthy lifestyle and well-being especially for children, this gap needs to be fill with and this program will serve as a mean to provide this need.This program is aimed towards children as they have greater needs for health assistance due to their physical vulnerability in terms of developing a foundation for their healthy adulthood. Its design will particularly takes approaches such as founding healthcare force visits to targeted communities, supply of medicinal provisions and health supplements for children, awareness campaigns in targeted communities regarding the importance of healthy living and stripe of common problems and diseases, and assistance projects with the financial responsibilities involving childr en in healthcare institutions.Since the funding of this social campaign is not overmuch of a problem, the establishment of the healthcare and the accreditation from various healthcare organization and institutions would be the main priorities. The main concern for this program will also include establishing a social link enabling this project to be aware of the its needing subjects and their needs and concerns. This social link or accreditation is also necessary, as this will serve as a mean for the program to be enacted in intervening and assisting its established subjects or targets. This steps and procedures are necessary to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness towards providing healthcare assistance towards its subjects.Through the application of these systematic procedures in the establishing and development of this project, this healthcare social program is likely to become successful in developing health awareness for children in their early stages of their respective liv es and attracting wider efforts and concern from other social groups for the same cause. In addition, the systematic development of this program will surely promote its effectiveness towards its ideal purpose of highlighting the healthcare needs for the development of a healthy society in the future.

Resolving international disputes Essay Example for Free

Resolving international disputes EssayDifferences that you should be conscious(predicate) of Property legality Sources of honor and method of judicial reasoning Property practice of law cultivated Law You argon either the absolute possessor, or you argon non. 3 comp adeptnts of absolute possessorship usus (latin term) i.e. use remediate of use fructus ie. enjoyment of revenues Right to enjoy revenues abusus ie disposal Right to dispose of that thing taking a crock up This does non mean that the absolute sufferer cannot give away certain rights of the property, as long as the rights transfer back to the owner E. g. usifruct farmer has a large piece of belt down and son wants to thwart married and harbor family. Farmer is not departing to divide up the farm, but offers him a part of the farm where he lets him build a house and farm on it, but after 20/30/40 years the land goes back to the father Lease if you lease an apartment from the owner of a building, or a piece of land to farm on, etc you get the right to use it in consideration of rent. In this sense, the owner is giving away one right (the right to use the property) as long as at the end they get the right of use back. Common Law surmise no absolute ownership of land King gives a portion of the country to the Earls. In communal law, there is a difference between ownership and possession.The Earls possess it, they atomic number 18 pee-peeing the land for him. The Earls will provide him every year with something in return (e.g. bushels of corn, men for war, etc). Earl gives a portion of that land to the Dukes, and asks that they oppose it for them, in exchange for bushels, men etc. Dukes to the Lords, every the way to the peasant/farmer. When the farmer died, he was not able to give it to his children it would go to the lord, etc up the range of a function and that person would redelegate it. Known as the feudal governing body. Lease oblige is when you hold it for a limited period of time. A freehold is where you hold the land forever, and you can sell the land, leave the land to your children. The only way it reverts back to the king is if mortal dies without leaving both heirs, which means it goes up the chain of ownership. 2 types of ownership Real Beneficial Origin and Concept of Trust William the Conqueror said I am Law, but there were problems with this as the king could not listen every payoff. Eventually, he became fussy with other things (wars, etc) thereof he aline up a arrangement of courts. They did not have to see everybody, unless they issue a judicial writ. System of writs a court order telling someone that someone complained some you therefore you have to show up at court on xday.You only had a writ for certain problems. Trespass (tort) When someone caused you or your property personal injury Habeas corpus (produce the body) When someone grabbed a relative of yours and wrongly imprisoned them. This came about because of the idea of W here there is a remedy (ie. a writ) there is a right, but if you did not have a writ to cover a item problem, therefore you did not have access to the courts lead to a parallel system of justice called righteousness lead to new legal concepts such(prenominal) as the TRUST Trust you be too risque and do not want to be taxed. Therefore, you give some wealth to the friend who is going to hold it for you until the children are of age and you have died. The problem arises when the friend does not give it back. They have no writ therefore cannot take it back through court. When the friend goes to court, they argue that the land was given on a condition of self-reliance (the friend was trusted by the father to give the property back). In do-gooder to the possibility of someone being the absolute owner, they can also be the owner subject of a trust. Trust difficult to define, Underhill gave one of the best definitions down the stairs 5 partsAn 1 equitable bargain, 2 binding a perso n (trustee), 3 to deal with property over which he has control (trust property), 4 for the pull in of persons (beneficiaries), of whom he (the trustee) may be one, 5 any one of whom may enforce the duty Equitable obligation obligation created under the law of equity which was established by the courts of equity Who has the obligation The trustee What is the obligation To deal with the trust property over which he has control For what purpose For the benefit of the beneficiaries What is the consequence if the trustee does not deal with the property The Trustee can be sued by any one of the beneficiaries How a trust works There are 2 ways to set up a trust The settler gives trust property to one or more trustees for the benefit of one or more beneficiaries (essentially a gift) Can be through a will or covenant (intervivos trust) involving the settler or the trustee By way of declaration of trust a person but declares that he is holding certain property in trust E.g. someone wants t o set up a business, but does not want it known that they are the shareholders.Therefore, someone else holds that position, but signs a contr act as that states that all income goes to them, and they will exercise the wishes of the settler. Examples of trusts wills, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT), endowments You may set up a family trust for tax planningpurposes. You can sp evidence your income across the beneficiaries of that trust. Shareholder agreements, where sometimes money is put into a trust. There are wide personal business and tax-planning purposes to trust. differences between gracious law and common law ownership In Common Law, a property can have two owners. The real owner (whose name appears as the owner) or the beneficiary owner In civil Law, you are the owner, or you are not. Only one type of ownership. 2 Sources of law and method of judicial reasoning both systems have 3 sources Judicial Precedent ie. motor lodge decisions Legislation philosophy ie. scholarl y writings articles or books that are written to explain the law, and very often to criticize it the difference between the two systems is the weight and grandness of each source Common Law JUDICIAL PRECEDENT (most of import) speak to Structure Supreme Court Court of Appeal ravel Court Each court is bound by its earlier decisions.Trial Court is bound by its earlier decisions unless overturned by the Court of Appeal, same thing for Court of Appeal with Supreme Court, etc ( regard decisis stand by the past). The Supreme Court is also bound by its own precedents The Supreme Court has overturned its own precedents, such as the decision that people cannot be segregated but equal, as in the case with discrimination. Principal known as stare decisis stand by the past Abortion example of Row vs Wade (or something like that) How do you know when a taste is a precedent To know that, you have to analyse the precedent Conditions for decision to be binding Decisions split up into two parts Ratio decidendi the reason for the decision for arriving at the decision (only this is the precedent) Obiter dictum other reasons that the justice has for coming to his/her conclusions It is often not clear which is the obiter dictum and which is the ratio decidendi. The facts have to be almost identical.What happens when they recoup a precedent they do not like They could try and find differences between the case thus and now. What then happens is that if the judges can distinguish between it, they make judge-made law, which is an area of contestation and disagreement. Judges are not supposed to make the law. Legislation In the common law system, legislation is not as important as judicial precedent. If a court interprets a law in a room in which the parliament doesnt like, parliament can pass a law countermanding that. Catch ( legislation is subject to judicial interpretation, and this means that the rules regarding stare decisis obtain to interpretation. Therefore, when you are looking in the common law system, and you are wondering what does this legislation mean, you look at any court judgements/precedents in order to understand its center and application. Additionally, from a business point of view, there is very little legislation on very important aspects of business law. (e.g. you find it on leases, contracts of sale, etc but other types of contracts such as agency, etc there is no legislation, and therefore strictly jurisprudence applies. Additionally, to a large extent there is no legislation regarding tortsAs a source of law, it can supersede jurisprudence, but does not feature as much. Doctrine Scolarly writings For historical reasons, doctrine is less important and less abundant than it is in the civil law system. They try to add up the law and put it in a rational form. CIVIL LAW Judicial Precedent (Jurisprudence) non as important as in common law because a) There is no concept of stare decisis (Courts are not formally bound by higher c ourts, they just carry more weight. some other level can just choose to overrule) (2) Legislation Originally, the first code of laws that was developed in the western sandwich world was developed by the Roman Empire. This was different for a huge number of places because it covered such a wide expanse. When Napoleon ruled, there were even differences within France itself He created a different set for France and the rest of the Empire, The Law of Paris, and systematise it into one document, and in 1804 it became law.It dealt with things such as family law, property law, contract law, civil liability, etc A code does the following in regards to each area that it deals with, it sets out general broad principles then sets out certain principles within. They are so broad that it covers the subject matter. For example, in civil law under Quebec, civil liability is anyone that is capable, is liable for any damage he/she causes through a wrongful act to a third party. Once you have this principle you have rules of application (e.g. what is the liability of parents if their children does wrong) (3) Doctrine Doctrine is much more important than in the Common Law system. Before, in Common Law system, if you cherished to become a lawyer you didnt have to go to school, just work with lawyers and read books. Example Abraham capital of Nebraska never went to school he studied on his own and ended up becoming a lawyer with the help of those he worked with. Ended up becoming one of the most renowned layers in the USA before he went into politics. Difference between the two Civil law ( would read Justinian last and makeannotations and commentaries and some would start publishing codes.When Napoleon made some laws, books came out analysing the books and laws. Judges read the laws and doctrines as a basis for their judgements (today there is more doctrine in the Civil Law system than common law) Common ( Lets see what the judgment says Civil ( lets see what the doctrine says LEGAL SYSTEMS SPREAD BY COLONIZATION AND CONQUEST Common Law Includes India, England, USA Why common law is different about the world English Common law applied to the Colonies, so far as it was adapted by its institutions and circumstances. This means that you apply the English Common Law as far as needed, then you apply a chain of precedents As colonies gained independence, they established a cut-off date after which British precedence would not apply to them Over time, jurisdictions formed their own supreme Courts under their own state of appeal. After a certain date, Canada said that their Supreme Court judgements were right, and people could not go to the British House of Lords for an overruling, and this happened everywhere.Civil Law Formed out of Spain and all of her colonies, Germany, Italy, Portugal and its colony Brazil, and each country has its own civil code. The rules in France are not the same as the rules set out in Quebec, however the sources, the role, all of that is similar. Quebec locating Was both a French and British colony. The French King was given a choice continue Quebec, or keep the islands of St Pierre and Miquelon. He decided to keep the islands. In 1774, the Quebec Act was adopted by parliament. In 1774, the 13 colonies started to push for independence. They adopted the Quebec Act, which was intended to protect the religion, language and culture. It created a hybrid system of Common Law and Civil Law. It said that local Quebec Law (Civil Law) will govern property, contracts, family law, civil liability.Basically, in Quebec, what was used was old Roman law and the custom of Paris. Under the Quebec system, the court system became a British system. The result was that Common Law heavily influenced civil law. July 1866, the Civil Court of Law in Canada codified the Civil Law in Quebec (like Napoleon and France). Much of the Civil Code of Canada was taken by the Napoleonic Code. Unlike what you would call the traditional Civil Law S ystem, stare decisis was used in Quebec. If you read a judgement from a Court of Quebec and one outside Quebec, you would question whether it is not a Common Law system. This is because they are a Civil Law system, but they reasonsimilarly to the Common Law system.

Math Anxiety and Math Self-Efficacy Essay Example for Free

Math Anxiety and Math Self-Efficacy EssayObjective This is a descriptive- correlativityal study which investigated the relationship amidst mathsematicssematics anxieties, math self-efficacies and math skills of maritime college sophomores in Iloilo, Philippines. Method This research was conducted at the three campuses of St. Therese- MTC Colleges, namely Tigbauan, La Fiesta, and Magdalo Sites during the first semester of academic year 2004-2005. The participants of the study consisted of 316 maritime sophomores who were chosen using proportional stochastic sampling. The data for this study were gathered using standardized questionnaires.For mathematics achievement, the mean of their grades in mathematics subjects interpreted in their first year were used. Basic descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, t-test for independent samples, and Pearson-Product Moment correlation test were used to analyze data. Result The study found out that the majority of the mariti me sophomores belonged to the destruction case of math concern or was on the verge of becoming impatient, yet the majority had a high math self-efficacy level. Their math achievements, on the other hand, were generally poor.They differed significantly on their math achievement when grouped according to math anxiety and math self-efficacy. Finally, negative but significant relationship existed among math anxiety and math self-efficacy and math anxiety and math achievement while math self-efficacy and math achievement were positively and significantly related. In other words, those with low math anxiety had high math self-efficacy and consequently they performed better in math than those with high math anxiety and low math self-efficacy. word of honor Results indicated that the higher math anxiety is the lower is math self-efficacy and math achievement. In the same manner, lower math anxiety results to high math self-efficacy which in turn results to high math achievement. This is consistent with studies done by previous researchers like Richardson and Suinn, (1972), and Suinn, et al, (1972) to name a few. Although three decades and cultural differences separated the studies, still similar results countenance been observed. This only implies that when it comes to factors related to math performance, time and culture have no bearing on the results. result Generally, maritime college sophomores math achievements were poor. However, when they were grouped according to math anxiety and math self-efficacy, it showed that those with high self-efficacy had higher math achievement than those with low self-efficacy. Moreover, those with high math anxiety had lower math achievement compared to those with low math anxiety. The study suggests that math educators must look into building students confidence in mathematics to overcome their anxiety and thus, improve their overall performance in math.

The Welcome Table Essay Example for Free

The Welcome table EssayUnderstanding The Welcome Table One of the main condense points of all literary works is the radix of the fable that is being read. To identify a novel s theme you must look beyond what is happening in the story still look at what the story is really about. In this nobble paper I will be covering the theme of The Welcome Table and examples of certain elements of the story. Theme of The Welcome Table When reading writings of every diverseness you must try and understand what the story is really about instead of looking too often into what the story is being wrote about. For lots of pieces of literature that was written in the era before the 1950s when writers had an underlying meaning for their writings that werent noticed unless read most. In the short story The Welcome Table written by Alice Walker, you actualize the plot immediately start when an older smutty bird is at the front steps of a white communitys church. The story is obviously wr itten in a time when black mountain where thought to be unequal to white people.Considering that the author of this short story was born in 1944 and growing up in a time when racism against black people was at the highest point. Throughout the entire story the theme is racism. Many of the people in the story saw the old noblewoman as an invasion or maid, to the young usher telling the lady that this wasnt her church. Then after the ladies in the church practically made the men throw this guileless old black lady out of a church, you could tell the theme had to be about race.The timbre throughout the entire story that these people had against this old black lady, was not necessarily hatred but of disgust. The women made their husbands grab this old lady and take her outside into the cold. I wasnt like this genius old black lady was there to hurt anyone of disrespect the white people in any way but to come to church. As we look father into the story after the old lady is outside s he sets the tone for more of an uplifting tone. As she is standing on the front of the church in the cold singing a sad song, she sees rescuer.As she is walking with him she is overjoyed and sings and uplifting song. Even though these people have disrespected her by kicking her out of a church, her faith is unbroken and she is doing as Jesus tells her to. Even though the story ends with the black families seeing her walking alone down the street, one batch only think that she died somewhere and went to heaven to be with Jesus almost like he was pencil lead her there. There are many symbols in this story that can be referenced to many things.The story seems to be written during the winter since there was reference to it being below freezing outside. Winter is closely related to Death, and for me I let my mind wander to the death of the old lady, even though the story did not say that, that is what I have come to the conclusion. One of the other major symbols I see in this story is when the old lady first saw Jesus. She kept looking to see if he was carrying the lamb, like in the picture that she had. The lamb refers to gentleness, and since they were at a white church, the white referring to life.Even though the white people were so disrespectful to her and put her out in the cold she still kept her faith. See was ecstatic when she saw Jesus coming down the road, and made sure she got his attention so he would not miss her. Winter was there for the old lady and she knew it, so she went to the church to specify her peace with Jesus and it just so happened that he was coming for her. Even though the white people were so cruel to her and the theme of this story is racism, the story also says dont give up on what you believe even if it seems unrealistic. The old lady believes in Jesus, and the white people were not deviation to affect that no matter how they treated her.

Book List For Dialectical Journal 2 1 Essay Example for Free

Book List For Dialectical Journal 2 1 Essay reference Reply War is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strength They are the Party slogans, and are wri? en in elephantine le? ers on the white pyramid of the Ministry of Truth. Who retards the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past. The people controlling the present control everything and can ul mately change the past and, therefore the future. Big brother controls the present.The slogan is an example of the Partys technique of use false history todeteriorate the psychological independence of its people. To Kill A Mocking Bird harpist Lee Lord of the Flies William Golding An gone Sophocles The Joy Luck Club Amy Tan Bless Me, Ul ma Rudolfo Anaya Black Boy Richard Wright Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck Night Elie Weisel The Things They Carried Tim OBrien Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger Odyssey bulls eye The Picture of Dorian Grey Oscar Wilde Julius Caesar William Shakespeare The Perks of Bei ng a Wall7ower Stephen Chbosky.

TV Advertising Essay Example for Free

TV Advertising EssayUndoubtedly, nowadays such significant promotion medium as television is loosing its billet and effectiveness. This is connected with a number of various reasons, including, first of all, a huge overload of TV ads on almost all national and local TV channels. Our TV movies and shows be being interrupted several(prenominal) times with long breaks for commercials, which can not reach their hindquarters audience, because the majority of viewers find TV adverts annoying and simply switch their attention to something else.Therefore, the effectiveness of TV ads declines, because TV audience got bored of legion(predicate) commercials, which ordinarily come in such moments, when viewers are not interested in that info or not ready to accept it. Another annoyance factor is overplaying of the same commercials, which can not attract attention and evoke any interest any more. Finally, modern electronic devices (like TiVo) allow voidance of commercials and, theref ore, contribute in decreasing the efficiency of TV advertising.When comparing TV advertising with such promotional medium as magazines, we can come up with the following conclusions. The main advantages of magazine advertising are its being considerably less expensive, as well as the opportunity to offer repeated exposure. A magazine reader can see the same ads on several occasions, as well as attract a number of secondary readers. That is why we can say that a magazine advertisement lasts longer than a TV advertisement, though it doesnt allow reaching that much wide target audience.Besides, although magazine advertising can not offer sound and advanced visual effects, it is still a very prestigious and effective promotional channel. Magazine advertising employs high-quality colored images and creative compositions, slogans, which can ride out in memory for long time, as well as samples and testers (for some types of products). Finally, abundance of different ads on modern televisi on makes watching commercials less controlled and more passive, while reading a magazine usually involves more mental engagement and higher attention of the reader.Bibliography Consterdine, G. (n.d.). Magazine Advertising Effectiveness. PPMarketing. Retrieved April 15, 2007, from http//www.ppamarketing.net/public/downloads/MagAdEffect.pdf.. Templeton, B. (n.d.). The Future of TV Advertising. Bread Templetons Home Page. Clari Net Communication Corp. Retrieved April 15, 2007, from http//www.templetons.com/brad/tvfuture.html.

Tylenol In Capsule Form Essay Example for Free

Tylenol In Capsule Form EssayThe capsule is the most popular ready of taking medicines as these argon easy to swallow. Capsules have a symbolic significance as intimately as these represent strength. indeed patients perceive a dual advantage of convenience and a psychological boost of taking a potent medicine. The potter resistant packing was introduced by Johnson and Johnson in November 1982 within a few months of the sign crisis. This followed standards laid down in regulations by the Food and Drug Administration.The packing was considered very sturdy and operose to be tampered with. These had glued flaps on the outer box which had to be forcibly opened and a tight plastic seal surrounded the cap inside with an inner foil which wrapped the embouchure of the bottle. It also had a label which warned customers non to use if safety seal was broken. Thus at that date perhaps Johnson and Johnson was justified in introducing the capsules in tamper proof packing. This made s ound business whiz as it implied that only the packing had to be manufactured, while the capsule could be continued in its genuine form. However this decision of the company proved to be short sighted as in 1986, a second incident of tampering of the same drug occurred. While this was immediately controlled, it was evident that capsule was not the safest form for a mass consumed drug as Tylenol as the seals could be apparently opened and refixed after the capsule was tampered with.Finally the company discontinued the sale of the drug in capsule form and the caplet form was introduced.1 Thus it is felt that in the long run the decision of Johnson and Johnson to market the capsules in tamper proof packing as opposed to developing the caplets was not ethically in order. The company could well have waited to develop the caplet and avoided the ignominy of another blow to its brand which could survive only due to its thanksgiving with the masses.1 http//www.jnj.com/contact_us/info_for_ students/index.htmquestion03

Causes of Dyslexia

Causes of DyslexiaPossible Causes of DyslexiaDyslexia is a development disability that causes exercise and langu epoch difficulties, in terms of verbalize or written. Today, there ar many seekes actively taking place regarding the fundamental causes of dyslexia (Temple, 2002 Ramus 2001 2003) and a bit of possibilities ar beginning to emerge but the specific cause is yet to be discovered. notwithstanding, there are several theories proposed by specialist doctors and researchers and also some evidence which can help in elucidative the origin of this condition and they believed that these are the realizable causes which are transmittable inheritance, neurological differences, phonologic put out and blend but not least, hearing caper.Genetic InheritanceDyslexia is inherited in families, and is oft snips accompanied by odd-handedness which believed by most of the researchers. However, it also cannot be generalized that all dyslectic parent leave behind prevail a dyslexi c child or a left-handed child will withdraw dyslexia, yet according to them, it can identified that between a third and a half of children who piss learning difficulties history and more than half who have a family member who is left-handed are dyslexic people.That inherited genes run in the family have a defect that will cause a job with the development of a particular kind of nerve cell in the judgment. The defects in that genes which associated with problems in reading performance are cognize as DCDC2. It was found by a team at the Yale crop of Medicine which also reported that this defective gene appears to interact with KIAA0319, a second dyslexia gene. In the ledger Dyslexia, Dutch scientists reported that dyslexia is a highly heritable learning disorder that has a complex catching architecture. They also added that they can identified several candidate genes which related to the reading performance that whitethorn support to dyslexia susceptibility.Fortunately, ther e are many researches are carried out in the recent years due to the proficiency of technology in soul-scanning. With that, they are able to examine and compare the intelligence of dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. For comparison, the researchers have discover that bunch of cells are found beneath the surface of dyslexic childrens brain which lie on the surface in the brain of non-dyslexic children. These cells are supposedly moving when the brain was develo pivotg in the foetus which is to the surface of the brain but they failed and these defected cells are known as ectopic cells (like an ectopic pregnancy, where the egg fails to exit the womb and is fertilized in the Fallopian tube). They can be found mostly in the front and left cranial orbit of the brain which are very important for reading and constitution ability. Besides that, they also traced that an area of the brain named magno-cellular system is smaller where it deals with the ability to see moving im get along withs. Due to this, dyslexic children will have difficulties in reading process, where the brain has to interpret the different garners and articulates at a faster outrank as they scan words and sentences with their eyes.Neurological DifferencesNeurological or brain differences is the cause of dyslexia where right hemisphere of the brain is larger than non-dyslexic children and they are having strong activity in the right side of their brain. Due to that, dyslexic children are always known to have significant strengths in areas which controlled by the right side of the brain such as musical talent, artistic, athletic and many more. Because of that, they are engaging this area frequently art object performing language tasks. However, language tasks are known to be most efficiently performed in the left side of the brain. These differences lead to dyslexia which consists of structural and functional brain differences.Firstly, in structural, the brain is made up in general of tw o types of material which are gray matter and white matter. color in matter can be found at the lower part of the brain whereas white matter is within the deeper parts of the brain. Gray and white matter are composed of nerve cells and connective fibers covered in myelin, the coating knowing to facilitate communication between nerves respectively. The primary function of gray matter is processing schooling while white matter is responsible for transferring information around the brain. According to Booth and Burman (2001), they found that children with dyslexia have little gray matter in the left parietotemporal area than non-dyslexic individuals. This could lead to problems processing of the sound structure of language ( phonologic sensory faculty).Furthermore, it can be said that dyslexic children who have less white matter in this same area, which is important as more white matter is correlated with increased reading readiness (Deutsch, Dougherty, Bammer, Siok, Gabrieli, Wandell, 2005). If the white matter is less, the ability or efficiency of the regions of the brain to communicate with one another is less as well.In functional brain differences, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is known as a method that measures physiological signs of neural activation using a strong magnet to soupcon blood flow. This technique is called functional because participants perform tasks while in (or under) the magnet, allowing measurement of the functioning brain alternatively than the activity of the brain at rest. Several studies using functional imaging techniques that compared the brain activation patterns of readers with and without dyslexia indicate potentially important patterns of differences.For example, a research is carried out by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the capital of Massachusetts Childrens Hospital where 40 children had their brains scanned using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). They also had their pre-reading skil ls assessed. The children are at the age where they are the beginners in reading process. The brain scans were looking at the arcuate fasciculus (a junction that connects the areas of the brain responsible for written and spoken language). From the study, it can be identified that the more robust this brain portion in children, the more likely they are to perform well on the pre-reading test of phonological awareness.phonological DisorderUsually, for regular children, they have the ability to understand spoken language which can be acquired considerably and naturally from a very early age. Regular children are able to recognize the letters that propose up a word, and then use them to identify the phonemes, and put them together to make sense of the word in terms of reading and writing. However, according to theNational Health Service, reading and writing is difficult for dyslexic children because of phonological processing impairment. They have troubles in recognizing phonemes an d therefore, they have to struggle in order to connect the sound and the letter symbol for that sound and also to blend sounds into words. It is most prominent in their native languages with a immense deal of irregularity of spelling, such as Malay, English and others. For example, the word dog can be low-pitched down into three phonemes. This is, of course, a three letter word made up of three phonemes. However the word read is a four letter word that only has three phonemes. This creates confusion when transaction with the smallest units of speech sound (phonemes).Moreover, dyslexic children mostly have poor short term verbal repositing which is a very common cognitive difficulty. Usually, regular children use verbal memory to blend sounds in words together when reading them for the first time. This is why an inability to read non-words (made up words) is one of the strongest signs of phonological dyslexia. Problems with short term verbal memory naturally lead to difficulties w ith long-term verbal memory. For example, dyslexics may often forget the names of people they have met before or the words that they learned in two days before. This shown that short-term memory also influences their phonological processing. Besides that, it can be seen that for a children with dyslexia, it takes them a lot of time to sound out a word. They are typically have trouble in spelling and expressing themselves in writing and even speaking.The phonological disorder theory is one of explanation for thinkable cause of dyslexia. The fact that the majority of dyslexic children have problems with verbal short term memory adds incubus to the theory of phonological disorder. Indeed, they are struggling in phonological processing.Hearing ProblemHearing problem is one of the least possible causes of dyslexia. The researchers believed that if a child suffers frequent colds and throat infections during their early age, range from 1 to 5 year, the ears will be blocked from time to t ime and eventually it leads to hearing problem. This condition is known as glue ear or conductive hearing loss. The parents of the child should take this into account as it will affect the developing brain that links the sound it hears.At this point, the learning of sounds and words are essential in developing their ability to handle and link the sound to language and text as well. If they cannot hear clearly, they will be unable to hear the difference between words like pin and thin, or fan and van. The lack of clear hearing will also delay the childs phonemic awareness the ability to hear that words are made up of smaller sounds and syllables, like c-a-t, or in-ter-est-ing. Therefore, to be safe, a corrective action should be taken at a very early age to prevent the phonemic problem of their children as it causes lifelong difficulties which may lead to dyslexia.ConclusionIn this research study, it can be concluded that working memory skills affect dyslexic children in terms of re ading, writing and spelling as there is research that stated children who have problem in reading may have severe working memory deficits. They are unable to store the informations for a long time but for dyslexic children, they may forget about it the next day.However, teaching methods or strategies are diligent by the educator in Pacific Speech Therapy and Learning Centre in order to take out their attentions such as playing games, reading from books, guessing based on pictures, constructing sentences and recognizing syllables. The children are also taught singly which is between the teacher and the student only. The instructions for students with learning differences are to be explicit, systematic, structured and multisensory.There are many researches carried out by specialist doctors and researchers regarding dyslexia which lead to possible causes of dyslexia. There are four possible causes where they believed that these are the famous and found by most of the researchers whi ch are genetic inheritance, neurological differences, phonological disorder and last but not least, hearing problem. These are connected to each other as the genetic inheritance are the root of the cause as it plays an important role of brain development and it goes on and on to hearing problem which is certainly true. However, the specific cause is yet to be discovered and assuage remains unclear.Regarding to the effects of dyslexia, it may varies according to the severity of dyslexia and success of the therapy followed by them. There is no regain for dyslexia as it is a specific learning disorder which need supports from educational institutes to improve on their reading, learning and spelling skills, it can be done in a special educations lessons and with the right and appropriate sanative methods bound with differences of each dyslexic individual, the difficulties faced by them can be reduced.ReferencesKaufman, Lorna N., PH.D., and Pamela Hook, PH.D.,The Dyslexia Puzzle Putti ng The Pieces Together, Newton, Mass. world(prenominal) Dyslexia Society, New England branch, 1998.Carrion-Castillo, A., Franke, B. and Fisher, S. E. (2013), Molecular Genetics of Dyslexia An Overview. Dyslexia, 19214240.Snowling, M. J. (2000).Dyslexia. Blackwell Publishing.http//www.solasbt7.com/Causes-of-Dyslexia-6809.htmlAppendixFigure 1Figure 2