Anti-tuberculosis Drug-induced Liver Injury (ATLI) Effects

Hostile to tuberculosis Drug-initiated Liver Injury (ATLI) Effects Unique Tuberculosis (TB) is world’s deadliest transferable sickness, with 9 million occurrence cases and 1.5 million passings all around in 2013. The majority of the instances of TB were accounted for from Asian (56%), and African (29%) landmasses. In Saudi Arabia the yearly occurrence pace of TB ran somewhere in the range of 14 and 17/100,000. Two territories, Makkah and Jazan demonstrated the most noteworthy rate around 20/100,000 in the course of the most recent multi decade. Jazan locale indicated more than twofold the frequency pace of TB contrasted with rest of the Southern area. Jazan share fringe with Yemen, and gets numerous illicit settlers. Studies indicated that non-Saudi Arabians had 2-3 times higher occurrence of TB than Saudi national. The huge number of Non-Saudis originated from nations with high frequency of TB, for example, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Yemen, Ethiopia, Somalia, Chad, Nigeria and other African nations. The dynamic TB patients can be dealt with securely and successfully through the legitimately watched treatment methodology (DOTS). Spots is a short course of standard enemy of TB treatment which comprise of taking medication blends of Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol and Streptomycin for 6â€9 months. The medication isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide can possibly instigate liver damage.This hostile to tuberculosis sedate incited liver injury (ATLI) ranges from mellow to serious structures, and can even be deadly. The occurrence of ATLI during standard enemy of TB treatment extend from 2.0% to 28.0% as per various populaces. In addition, ATLI lessen the adequacy of hostile to TB treatment, as they may cause treatment disappointment, backslide and sedate opposition which could altogether decrease the impacts of TB control. As far as we could possibly know, there is no known distributed information on the rate of hostile to tuberculosis sedate prompted liver injury (ATLI) and hazard fact ors from Saudi populace. Distinguishing proof of patients at expanded hazard for ATLI is significant in light of the fact that hepatotoxicity causes huge dreariness and mortality and may require adjustment of the helpful routine. The point of this investigation will to assess the frequency of ATLI and the hazard factors related with hostile to TB treatment. The discoveries of this investigation will permit us to upgrade TB treatment, checking and control of the TB in KSA. Presentation Tuberculosis (TB) is world’s deadliest transferable ailment, with 9 million occurrence cases and 1.5 million passings all around in 2013 [1]. The vast majority of the instances of TB were accounted for from Asian (56%), and African (29%) mainlands [1]. In Saudi Arabia the yearly rate pace of TB extended somewhere in the range of 14 and 17/100,000 [2]. Two areas, Makkah and Jazan indicated the most elevated occurrence around 20/100,000 in the course of the most recent multi decade [2]. Jazan locale indicated more than twofold the frequency pace of TB contrasted with rest of the Southern area. Jazan share outskirt with Yemen, and gets numerous unlawful migrants. Studies demonstrated that non-Saudi Arabians had 2-3 times higher frequency of TB than Saudi national. [3]. The huge number of Non-Saudis originated from nations with high frequency of TB, for example, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Yemen, Ethiopia, Somalia, Chad, Nigeria and other African nations. Patients with dynamic TB illness can be dealt with securely and successfully through the straightforwardly watched treatment methodology (DOTS) which began in 2000. Spots is a short course of standard enemy of TB treatment which comprise of taking medication blends of Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol and Streptomycin for 6â€9 months [4]. These medications successfully murders the microorganisms however it incited hepatotoxicity known as against tuberculosis tranquilize prompted liver injury (ATLI) [5.tostmann 2008]. The ATLI ranges from gentle to extreme structures, and can even be lethal. The rate of ATLI during standard enemy of TB treatment extend from 2.0% to 28.0% as indicated by various populaces. [5,6]. The occurrence is higher in the creating nations (8% to 39%), contrasted with created nations (3%â€4%) (7-11). Also, ATLI diminish the viability of hostile to TB treatment, as they may cause treatment disappointment, backslide and tranquilize opposition which could essentially decrease the impacts of TB control. [5,6]. Many hazard factors have been involved for ATLI. These incorporate more seasoned age, female sexual orientation, poor wholesome status, previous liver ailment, high liquor consumption, hepatitis B, lack of healthy sustenance, hypoalbuminaemia and propelled TB (12-16). Improper utilization of medications, acetylator status, and as of late, immunogenetic factor, have additionally been embroiled (17,18). Diseases with hepatitis C infection and human immunodeficiency infection (HIV) have likewise been said to build the hazard (19). It is imperative to comprehend the hazard components of ATLI, so as to distinguish the unfavorable occasions prior and convey convenient intercession. The recognizable proof of high-hazard patients would be helpful to permit early recognition of hepatotoxicity and lessen the dreariness and mortality of this condition. Subsequently we plan this examination to distinguish the hazard factors related with against tuberculosis medicate prompted liver injury in patients who get hostile to TB treatment. As far as we could possibly know, there is no known distributed information on the frequency of against tuberculosis sedate actuated liver injury (ATLI) and hazard factors from Saudi populace. The point of this investigation will to assess the occurrence of ATLI and the hazard factors related with hostile to TB treatment. The discoveries of this investigation will permit us to upgrade TB treatment, observing and control of the TB in KSA. 2. Task OBJECTIVES This investigation expected to appraise the occurrence and hazard variables of against tuberculosis Drug Induced Liver Injury (ATLI) in understanding getting hostile to TB treatment in Jazan populace. 1. To evaluate the rate of strange liver capacity tests (LFTs) in quiet accepting enemy of TB treatment. 2. To distinguish the hazard factors related with hostile to tuberculosis Drug Induced Liver Injury (ATLI) in persistent accepting enemy of TB treatment. Survey of Literature Frequency The primary line drugs used to treat TB were isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), pyrazinamide (PZY) and ethambutol (EMB). A large portion of the TB patients endure the medications however some create hepatotoxicity known as hostile to tuberculosis tranquilize prompted liver injury (ATLI). [Forget 2006].The ATLI ranges from mellow to extreme structures, and can even be lethal. Information from the writing shows that the rate of ATLI is 3.0% in Canada (Asia populace represented 42%)[Yee 2003], China 2.5% [Shang 2011], 5.0% in Hong Kong[ Chang 2008], 5.3% in Singapore[teleman 2002], 16.1% in Taiwan [Huang 2003], 9.7% in Malaysia [Marzuki 2008],36% in Japan [Ellard 1978], 8-36 percent in India [Parthasarthy 1986, Mehta 1990], 13% Iran [Baghaei]. The danger of creating ATLI was fivefold for hepatitis C patients, fourfold for HIV positive patients, and 14 overlay for patients co-tainted with hepatitis C and HIV [Ungo 1998]. The occurrence is higher in the creating nations (8% to 39%), contrasted with created nations (3%â€4%) (7-11). In addition, ATLI decrease the viability of hostile to TB treatment, as they may cause treatment disappointment, backslide and medicate obstruction which could fundamentally lessen the impacts of TB control. [5,6]. Meaning of ATLI The measures for the conclusion of ATLI without indications is rise of transaminases up to multiple times the maximum furthest reaches of ordinary (ULN) and within the sight of manifestations up to multiple times the ULN or double the ULN of bilirubin in the blood [Saukkonen 2006]. System of harmfulness Among Isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol, the initial three medications have the potential for hepatotoxicity with pyrazinamide (PZA) being the most hepatotoxic followed by isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin.[Yee]Rifampicin joined with PZA is more hepatotoxic than with INH.[ Jasmer 2002]Pyrazinamide contributes altogether to intense liver disappointment [ Durand 1995].The most significant unfavorable impacts of isoniazid are hepatic harmfulness and conceivably deadly medication prompted hepatitis[Nolan 1999], particularly when related with rifampicin. The recurrence of event of isoniazid-related hepatitis relies upon age. Different components connected to an inclination to isoniazid-related hepatotoxicity incorporate liquor misuse, utilization of unlawful medications and a past history of liver sickness. Clinical highlights ATLI for the most part occur in the initial 2 months of treatment however it might occur whenever during the treatment time frame. Clinical and biochemical highlights of ATLI are hard to separate structure viral hepatitis [Mitchell 1976]. The signs and side effects of ATLI are jaundice, stomach torment, sickness, retching and Weakness. Hazard factors for ATLI Many hazard factors have been ensnared for ATLI. These incorporate more established age, female sex, poor nourishing status, prior liver sickness, high liquor consumption, hepatitis B, lack of healthy sustenance, hypoalbuminaemia and propelled TB (12-16). Unseemly utilization of medications, acetylator status, and as of late, immunogenetic factor, have additionally been embroiled (17,18). Contaminations with hepatitis C infection and human immunodeficiency infection (HIV) have likewise been said to build the hazard (19).

Secure Sockets Layer in Security Technology

Secure Sockets Layer in Security Technology SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) the most broadly utilized and most impressive measure in security innovation for making a scrambled connection between the Web Server internet browsers. On the off chance that the connection is encoded, they use https convention. Secure repository Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) is the convention above TCP, which can ensure clients secrecy when they sending information from a client side to a web server; this is a significant convention because of the augmentation of Internet. Truth be told, it is far to make the SSL/TLS convention completely . Anyway there are still imperfection and issues during the advancement of SSL/TLS, and we can't deny that theremaybe some other potential security opening in the most recent adaptation. consecutive assault is lethal for both the client and the organization in utilizing these conventions to set up a sheltered channel to move data. This article will present three normal assaults: Cipher suite rollback ass ault, portrayal rollback assault and secret phrase special case in SSL/TLS channel.[1]. As the web and World Wide web become normal, it is important to consider the framework security. this can be on the grounds that the plaintext moving through the web is decoded, it is for wafer or programmer, even a client with none programming data, to catch the message and adjust it. The best approach to safeguard individual protection, and an approach to ensure a safe on-line trade.. These square measure the test for information Technology. SSL/TLS will made a genuine secure channel among server and customer which may code the plaintext, at that point the outsider who catch the message can not uncover the primary message without unscramble it.[1]. The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) could be a procedure for giving security to web essentially based applications. it is intended to make utilization of TCP to create a solid start to finish secure assistance. SSL isn't one convention anyway rather two layers of conventions as outlined It will be seen that one layer utilizes TCP straightforwardly. This layer is comprehended on the grounds that the SSL Record Protocol and it gives fundamental security administrations to different higher layer conventions. an independent convention that makes utilization of the record convention is that the hypertext language (HTTP) convention. Another 3 more significant level conventions that likewise make utilization of this layer are a piece of the SSL stack.SSL incorporate two stages: handshaking and data move. all through the handshaking strategy, the buyer and server utilize an open key encoding calculation to work out mystery key boundaries, during the data move technique, each side utilize the way to record and interpret progressive data transmissions[1]. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is an innovation to scramble interchanges between the client and the web server. It assists with forestalling programmer assaults that depend on listening stealthily. At the point when you utilize a website page that is ensured by SSL, you see a lock symbol that guarantees you that the page is secure. 3.1 Is the site truly secure with SSL? No. SSL makes sure about the system correspondence connect as it were. In spite of the fact that this is a significant security layer for delicate applications, most assaults on sites are not really done along these lines. Most assaults on sites are really done in one of the accompanying ways: The server is assaulted straightforwardly. SSL doesn't shield you from this. Or maybe, you have to have a decent IT security strategy to ensure your server. The client is assaulted straightforwardly, either by contaminating their PC with malware, or by utilizing phishing to take their passwords. SSL doesn't shield you from this, either. To shield your own PC from this, you have to utilize a decent enemy of infection program, and use heaps of presence of mind and a modest quantity of distrustfulness when on the Internet. Nonetheless, it is ridiculous to expect that all the PCs of the entirety of your site guests will be enough ensured. As it were, SSL does almost no to keep the site from being hacked. It just keeps outsiders from tuning in to interchanges between the client and the site. All things considered, when is SSL essential to have? In the event that you are transmitting touchy private information over the web, SSL is a significant extra security layer. In spite of the fact that listening in might be a less basic type of assault on the site, there is no explanation not to ensure against it if the results are not kidding. In spite of the fact that the hazard to the site may not be that incredible, the hazard to singular clients might be noteworthy now and again. For example, any client getting to your site from an open wireless association, (for example, at a bistro) can be spied on reasonably effectively by different clients at a similar area. Meddlers can perceive what is composed into structures on non-SSL locales, so the dangers will rely upon what sorts of structures you have. The most clear high-hazard structure is your login structure, which requests username and secret key. A meddler can possibly get these login qualifications and afterward sign in as that client. How hazardous or risky that is relies upon what individual data the busybody can acquire, or what hurt they can cause with this data. Regardless of whether the hazard is low with respect to your site, you ought to likewise look at that as some clients will re-use passwords on numerous sites, so the hazard may reach out to destinations and circumstances that are outside your ability to control. What sort of delicate private information needs assurance? Private information will be data that should just be known to you (the site proprietor) and the client. The most evident model is charge card numbers. In the event that you redistribute your Mastercard handling to an outside internet business door, the exchanges are secured by your web based business suppliers SSL. Including SSL your site isn't vital for this situation. Passwords are the following most clear thing to ensure, as noted previously. On the off chance that you don't have an enrollment or open client base, at that point your very own administrator passwords might be the main ones you have to consider. In the event that you don't do site organization from open wifi systems, at that point this is certainly not a significant concern. Note that individual data, for example, names, email addresses, telephone numbers, and postage information are not private. This is data that is intended to be imparted to other people. SSL doesn't generally secure data that is as of now openly accessible in increasingly available arrangements, for example, the telephone directory. (Nonetheless, you do require a decent security strategy when putting away and utilizing people groups individual data, to guarantee your clients why you need their own data, and what you mean to utilize it for. This is for the most part since certain associations have a past filled with selling their databases of individual data against the desires of their customers. SSL doesn't help with this, be that as it may.) There is an ill defined situation between private information (which ought to be known distinctly to you and the client), and individual information (which is known and utilized by numerous others). Singular bits of individual information may not be a serious deal, yet on the off chance that you gather enough close to home information, wholesale fraud may turn into a conceivable danger. Unique record or character numbers (SSN, SIN, drivers permit, social insurance, or identification numbers for instance), alongside birth dates, normal security questions (eg. moms birth name, names of relatives), and data of that nature may by and large include a character that could be taken for loathsome purposes. The a greater amount of this kind of data you gather, the more SSL may be a beneficial expansion to your security strategy. The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Protocol was embraced by Netscape in 1994 as a reaction to the developing worry over Internet security. Netscapes objective was to make a scrambled information way between a customer and a server that was stage or OS freethinker. Netscape likewise grasped to exploit new encryption plans, for example, the ongoing appropriation of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), considered more secure than Data Encryption Standard (DES). For sure, by June 2003, the US Government regarded AES sufficiently secure to be utilized for characterized data. 4.1 Birth of SSL At the point when internet browser built up their applications software engineer, they found that in the dealings between web server and internet browser, there ought to be some security approach to watch the message shifted back and forth among customer and server, especially for a couple of business poppers. From the outset, internet browser set up some mystery writing in their applications. Notwithstanding, they found that the mystery composing didnt support non-HTTP applications. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) convention was built up that is essentially over the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) to shape this security.[1]. 4.2 Development of SSL During the past barely any years, SSL grew quickly, because of theres constantly some protected gaps and a couple of past forms of SSL can't hinder assailant to listening stealthily or capture appropriately. for instance, Version 3.0 of SSL was bound to right a blemish in past variants 2.0, the figure suite rollback assault, whereby Associate in Nursing contestant may get the gatherings to embrace a powerless cryptosystem.[1]. TLS was released because of the net communitys requests for a normalized convention. The IETF gave a setting to the new convention to be unmistakably talked about, and enlivened designers to give their contribution to the convention. The Transport Layer Security (TLS) convention was released in January 1999 to make a standard for private interchanges. The convention permits customer/server applications to convey in an exceedingly approach that is intended to forestall eavesdropping,tampering or message forgery.According to the conventions makers, the objectives of the TLS convention square measure crypto graphical security, capacity, extensibility, and relative strength. These objectives square measure accomplished through usage of the TLS convention on two levels: The TLS Record convention and furthermore the TLS handshake convention. TLS Record Protocol The TLS Record convention arranges a private, solid association among theclient and furthermore the serv

Case Study of a Drug Addict

CED 322: Case Study For the situation of the multi year-old female customer, I would start my appraisal of her by endeavoring to diminish her present condition of uneasiness. My first objective is permit her to have a sense of security and agreeable when she enters my office. I need her to realize that my office is a place of refuge from anything that makes her backslide. Moreover, by saluting her choice to look for treatment I can make early walks in creating trust and affinity from the start.Once the customer and I invest some energy assessing her biography, I would request that her total the SASSI-3 to give me an even point of view of her general battle with cocaine and heroin misuse. In spite of the fact that I’ve been given some foundation data on the client’s past history of misuse, I feel that the SASSI-3 can give me some knowledge to propensities and qualities she created from her family and way of life growing up. Since I have some data about her initial utiliz ation of liquor, I would likewise regulate a MAST which could give me some knowledge on her reliance with alcohol.I would have the option to all the more likely see how liquor assumes a job in her utilization of heroin and cocaine. When I can decide how they correspond I can then precisely analyze her and lead to an increasingly fruitful treatment system. From the present data I would determine this customer to have Cocaine and Opioid-Induced Mood Disorder (292. 84). The customer reports that she backslides when she wants to feel â€Å"numb† which reveals to us her feelings and sentiments are essential factors that impact her addictive behavior.Also, her fixation is extreme to the point that she guarantees that she utilizes now and again for reasons unknown by any stretch of the imagination. Since she is contrite and dreadful of her life, I feel that she is scanning for the correct treatment to free herself of this dangerous fixation. She wants to change yet needs the will to change. I would concentrate on her regular everyday practice, taking out the pieces of her day that include musings or thoughts that lead to utilizing heroin and cocaine. I would suggest that she utilize the 12 stage program and gathering treatment as better approaches to manage her towards recovery.Since she utilizing these substances in private, I feel she might profit by other people who know and feel indistinguishable battles from she does. This would permit her to not feel alone in her recuperation and carry a feeling of responsibility to keep from backslide. I would screen her advancement in the 12 stage program and urge her to quietly finish each progression. I’m putting together my treatment system with respect to trust. So as to wipe out her dread and tension alongside her dependence through these screens and techniques, she should be happy to confide in herself consistently.

Human Resources Management Aspects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HR Management Aspects - Essay Example Equivalent Employment Opportunities and governmental policy regarding minorities in society are terms that individuals normally use in their day by day lives without understanding their genuine significance, the distinction among them, and their application in human asset the board. Equivalent business openings and governmental policy regarding minorities in society are the rules that were set by the legislature and target guaranteeing reasonableness in work environments since they preclude any type of segregation. I have seen individuals treat each other distinctively due to their diverse nationality, race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. Learning this course was significant since I presently comprehend that Equal Employment Opportunity is a guideline, which restricts segregation of any sort whether racial, sexual orientation based or ethic based, against any worker or people looking for business (Ulrich, 2005). Without this standard, clearly the recruiting procedure, advancements , access to proficient improvement openings would be looked by bias. Realizing what governmental policy regarding minorities in society is was another critical viewpoint in this unit. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society is a cure or a standard used to deal with or address past instances of segregation. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society along these lines guarantees that associations resolve to beat segregation, which begins with tending to past discriminative activities and look to wipe out all hindrances that should confine or forestall proficient improvement of any person. The governmental policy regarding minorities in society was ordered to guarantee associations set up measures to improve the interest. of females, people with inability just as minority gatherings. For instance, I have seen a few associations promote certain occupations in ladies magazines to guarantee that they increment the odds of ladies being the fundamental candidates. It's anything but another marvel to know about situations where workers have been dealt with unfairly due to their race, conjugal status, handicap, transgender status, sexuality, or different factors, for example, carer’s obligations. It was fascinating discovering that the above activities are unlawful. Be that as it may, it's anything but another wonder to know about situations where a business or supervisor who sacked a representative, for instance, since she was pregnant or in light of the fact that she or he was impaired and couldn't deal with specific errands. This isn't right since ones shading, sexual orientation or genuineness doesn't show or even decide their ability. Everybody should in this manner be given equivalent chance to affirm their latent capacity (Ulrich, 2005). EEO expects bosses to abstain from utilizing specific models to extend employment opportunities or advancements to specific gatherings of individuals especially the minority. In any case, governmental policy regarding minorities in society is results situated and is intended to address underutilization of minority gatherings, which frequently result if work, advancement, and profession improvement openings are given similarly without thinking about assorted variety. This course presented me to the difficulties looked by chiefs and managers during the employing procedure since all their

Late-2000s recession Essay Example for Free

Late-2000s downturn Essay European Tour Operators have figured out how to accomplish a solid situation in the travel industry. The two greatest ones, TUI Travel and Thomas Cook, have a huge piece of the overall industry. Be that as it may, in the last piece of the decade, somewhere in the range of 2007 and 2010 the business has encountered a downturn on account of the violent condition which was made new dangers and altered the serious powers. Political: Tax collection Policies on movement strategies by various nations largy affects the travel industry, governments give a few appropriations and assessment exclusions in their nations so as to advance the correct the travel industry. Visas into specific nations can likewise make individuals quit going there as degenerate nations can charge a lot of cash to pick up them. Political shakiness can not just influence the nation wherein it is yet in addition neighboring nations. The equivalent likewise happens when psychological oppressor acts occur on a nation or are from a nation. Practical: Globalization of movement organizations and carriers has implied that numerous nations can offer types of assistance that they couldn't before do to social information. With organizations being worldwide there are likewise economies of scale to be picked up. TUI’s vertical and flat incorporation makes them exceptionally serious and they offer types of assistance over all holidaying encounters. Trade rates region huge part to the measure of vacationers going from every nation. On the off chance that one nations cash gets more vulnerable than others it is bound to turn into a vacation goal because of an anticipated ‘value for money’. This influences the organization less as they have a more grounded position than the client in that they can charge the client relying upon the nation with the more grounded cash. The downturn has likewise caused a few issues inside the business as there have been a few organizations that have not been effective. TUI figured out how to make it

Tips for a beautiful life!

Tips for a beautiful life! This story contains some “tips” that may bring you a beautiful life. Read them, live by them more fully, and I promise you will experience a beautiful life!Take a 10-30 minute walk every day and while you walk, smile.Sit in silence for at least 10 minutes each day.When you wake up in the morning complete the following statement, “My purpose is to … today.”Live with the 3 E’s: Energy, Enthusiasm, Empathy, and the 3 F’s: Faith, Family, Friends.Spend more time with people over the age of 70 and under the age of 6.Dream more while you are awake.Try to make at least three people smile each day.Realize that life is a school and you are here to learn, pass all your tests. Problems are simply part of the curriculum that appear and fade away like algebra class but the lessons you learn will last a lifetime.Smile and laugh more. It will keep the energy vampires away.Life isn’t fair, but it’s still good.Life is too short to waste time hating anyone.Don’t take yourself so ser iously. No one else does.You don’t have to win every argument. Agree to disagreements.Make peace with your past, so it won’t mess up the present.Don’t compare your life with others’. You have no idea what their journey is all about.Burn the candles, use the nice sheets. Don’t save it for a special occasion. Today is special.No one is in charge of your happiness except you.Forgive everyone for everything.What other people think of you is none of your business.Time heals almost everything. Give time, time.However good or bad a situation is, it will change.Your job won’t take care of you when you are sick. Your friends will stay in touch.Get rid of anything that isn’t useful, beautiful, or joyful.The best is yet to come… Believe.No matter how you feel, get up, dress up, and show up.Do the right thing!Call your family often.Each night before you go to bed complete the following statements: “I am thankful for…” “Today I accomplished…Remember that you are too bl essed to be stressed.Enjoy the ride. Remember that this is not Disney World and you certainly don’t want a fast pass. Make the most of it and enjoy the ride.Author Unknown Story submitted by John C.  

Tips for a beautiful life!

Tips for a beautiful life! This story contains some “tips” that may bring you a beautiful life. Read them, live by them more fully, and I promise you will experience a beautiful life!Take a 10-30 minute walk every day and while you walk, smile.Sit in silence for at least 10 minutes each day.When you wake up in the morning complete the following statement, “My purpose is to … today.”Live with the 3 E’s: Energy, Enthusiasm, Empathy, and the 3 F’s: Faith, Family, Friends.Spend more time with people over the age of 70 and under the age of 6.Dream more while you are awake.Try to make at least three people smile each day.Realize that life is a school and you are here to learn, pass all your tests. Problems are simply part of the curriculum that appear and fade away like algebra class but the lessons you learn will last a lifetime.Smile and laugh more. It will keep the energy vampires away.Life isn’t fair, but it’s still good.Life is too short to waste time hating anyone.Don’t take yourself so ser iously. No one else does.You don’t have to win every argument. Agree to disagreements.Make peace with your past, so it won’t mess up the present.Don’t compare your life with others’. You have no idea what their journey is all about.Burn the candles, use the nice sheets. Don’t save it for a special occasion. Today is special.No one is in charge of your happiness except you.Forgive everyone for everything.What other people think of you is none of your business.Time heals almost everything. Give time, time.However good or bad a situation is, it will change.Your job won’t take care of you when you are sick. Your friends will stay in touch.Get rid of anything that isn’t useful, beautiful, or joyful.The best is yet to come… Believe.No matter how you feel, get up, dress up, and show up.Do the right thing!Call your family often.Each night before you go to bed complete the following statements: “I am thankful for…” “Today I accomplished…Remember that you are too bl essed to be stressed.Enjoy the ride. Remember that this is not Disney World and you certainly don’t want a fast pass. Make the most of it and enjoy the ride.Author Unknown Story submitted by John C.  

Assisted Dying - Dignity in Dying - Free Essay Example

Dick Turner was my guinea pig when I entered the business back in 95. He was one of the first students I became really close with after I started working at St. Dymphna High School on the south side of Baltimore. He was your typical high school geek, about 5 foot 10 inches, had the posture of a 95 year old with scoliosis, outdated clothing that fit a little too big and wore an oversize set of bifocals that had a piece of tape holding them together and looked like theyd been through the ringer. Of course, Dick was the unlucky fella that had a shitty life at home, a topic him and I could relate on. His father was an abusive son of a bitch, mom left when he was in 3rd grade to chase her music career down in Nashville, and his older brother ran one of the largest drug cartels east of the Mississippi. Initially, I only saw Dick once or twice a month during his freshman year, usually when he needed to talk about his dads monthly tirade that resulted in another trip to the hospital for him. I always offered to call D.C.F.S., but Dick would talked about how much he feared his father would kill him if he ever got a call from them. Anyways, throughout most of his sophomore year and in to his junior ye ar, I became the closest thing he had to real family in a short amount of time. On a daily basis, hed come talk to me about how much he hated coming to school, and to be honest I didnt blame him. For years I watched from a distance as he would get pummeled and brutally humiliated by his peers. He had yet to outgrow his speech impediment that caused him from pronounce his rrs like a 2nd grader, even I struggled to listen to him talk sometimes, but the students had a field day with that. The self-proclaimed all-star future division three quarterback would heckle him as he walked the halls with his possy of subpar athletes. I give him credit though, no matter how much shit he took, Dick walked those halls with a sense of confidence that I never had. Too bad the scrawny 16 year old didnt have a god damn fighting bone in his body. Unfortunately, midway through his Junior year, life came at him a little too fast. In addition to his seemly pointless life at home and school, he had faced adversity with depression and anxiety, convincing himself that he was nothing, but a waste. So much of a waste, that he approached me during his lunch hour one-day with a story about his dad walking in on him attempting to hang himself. The most disturbing part about it was his dad proceeded to calmly walk away in content. I never told him about my history/failures with suicide. I tried to help by sharing some wisdom, but in all honesty, I was just bullshitting him. At that time, Id been living alone for just over five years a few miles from where I grew up, and arguably hated my life just as much as he hated his. On the side, I ran a small funeral home and specialize as a mortician (If that doesnt get you excited, Im not sure what will). The only relationship I ever built was with the local police department by acting as their r at, informing them about the students pushing drugs around town and snitching on weekend parties. Probably , because I was never invited to anything back in high school. Sounds miserable, right? Unfortunately, Dick saw right through my bullshit and it was past the point of no return. A week later, the police pronounced Dick Turner dead, at the age of 17 from self-inflicted wounds. His peers, his father, basically everyone he crossed paths with, besides myself, drove him to this point. Initially I felt guilt. Felt that this was my fault. Felt that this was just another failed opportunity to actually make something of myself. Quickly, my guilt shifted to anger. Anger towards those that caused him to feel so empty. Not to mention Dick was probably the closest thing I had made to a friend in the last decade. The day after his death, I showed up to school and scanned the halls like I usually did. I realized that the individuals who were the reasoning behind Dickrs actions went on with their day, not even thinking twice about their actions. So I began to write All, This act of taking my own life has not come without deep thought. Ive done all I can to gain your acceptance, but at the end of the day I guess I am just not good enough. I had every opportunity to take you all with me, but your actions towards me have made it clear that I do not deserve the same life as you. As I wrote, that anger shifted to adrenaline, giving me a rush Id never felt before. I was no longer writing for Dick. I was writing for myself and so I continued To Kaycee Smith, Ranae Walker, Sophia Smith, kids who sat behind me in remedial math, and lastly, to QB1, thank you for helping me realize how worthless I am. I hope you will all sleep well tonight knowing that my death comes at the hands of your action. Richard Turner A few days later, Dick Turnerrs suicide letter just so happened to surface throughout the halls of St. Dymphna. As I scanned over the students that morning, it joyed me to see the weight of the world being held on the shoulders of so many individuals. Individuals that had reminded me so much of my past. For once the power had shifted, and I finally had a sense of relief. Later that week, I couldnt help but smile as I watched students file through my funeral home for his wake, bags under their eyes, many of them knowing they were at fault. It was exhilarating to watch as they recognize the innocent, helpless individual that they walked all over for years didnt have a home, or a family. The toll I saw it take on these individuals was like a drug, relieving and addicting. And that was the beginning of it all. Dick has been dead now for about 25 years, and every other year since then, Ive had many Dick Turners come in-and-out of my office. Itrs almost like itrs something in the water in this town. There is always that one kid who had no hope. No chance. Their parents neglected them, they had no friends, no one ever gave them a lick of an opportunity. And as I began to notice this, I did them all a favor. When they would share their problems, I was honest and blunt, giving them the same spiel as if it were from a script You know you remind me of myself, and through all ups and downs, medication and therapy sessions, one thing I learned from a young age is that this world will not show sympathy for you. Growing up, I was mocked, ridiculed and picked on by all my peers. My parents didnt care about me either. God generously granted me with health problems that had stunted my growth at a very young age, so I wasnt able to fight, and trust me, they will continue to take advantage of that. If youre the weird kid, better off giving up now, cause truth be told, no one wants to be on the weird kids side. I was called names, they even threw me in lockers and sometimes even beat the shit out of me, you know, for fun. Youd think at least theyd give you some credit after you come to school with scares from cigarette buds on your face, but no, they just call you pizza face and pick at them so they never go away. People will be so dedicated to making your life hell, theyll be willing to pay a girl fifty dollars to go on a date with you, just to see you have a little sense of hope and then she will abruptly leave after dinner, making sure you handle the check. In college, youll spend most of your time studying and working at a local pizza joint serving late night food to all your drunk, superior peers. At that time, your best friend will probably be your boss, Chef Vincenzo. He wont speak much English, and your conversations will consist of him critiquing everything you do, but at least hell acknowledged your humanity, right? By the time you graduate, your parents will have left you ( if they havent already), or maybe even overdose on some synthetic drug, and youll probably lose contact with your whole family, and have failed to commit suicide a handful of times. But thatrs just speaking from experience I guess. Some of it is true, and some of it is an exaggeration, but listen. If you want to know why I am the way I am, if you really must know why I do what I do, Ill try to make it as quick as possible. The first impractical joke of my life is that my name is Theodore Bundy. Yep, thatrs right, I guess when youre the youngest of six siblings all from different fathers your mom starts to have a little fun and name you after serial killers. I grew up without a father, all my other siblings killed themselves before the age of 16, and ever since I turned 17 my mom had been in-and-out jail for anything you can think of. Possession of marijuana, driving under the influence, prostitution. Hell, she even had her stint in a drug cartel. Because of my parents uncanny ability to consistently abuse drugs before I was born and throughout my childhood, I am what you would call a grade A crack baby that unfortunately, yet miraculously made it out of my adolescence. As a kid I suffered from heart problems, s eizures and other implications that have caused a limp in my walk and have left me with an extremely noticeable and unattractive stutter. I give myself credit for being able to provide for myself starting at such a young age, however most of my earnings have gone towards effective healthcare to cover my three open heart surgeries, annual mental health checkups, and monthly visits to the doctor to cope with my macular degeneration, a disease most common in people over the age of 65. Look where Im at now. Right where they all said Id be. Just like I was 25 years ago, I currently reside a few miles from where I grew up, and work as a counselor and remedial math teacher at the same high school I swore Id never come back to after graduating a little over 30 years ago. So, how can I resist? Over the last 25 years Ive done what many would call a crime, but I believe to be a favor. Ive assisted in freeing a dozen of students from this horrible world. By telling them my story, I hope to indirectly convince them that it doesnt get much better from here. Why? Because it doesnt. And as they move on, my job is to make sure they dont go unnoticed. I give them a voice they wouldve never had. Long story short, I make a letter for each them. I target any and all individuals that had cause pain throughout their lives. For example, just under five years ago, I wrote a letter for a young woman named Madeline Snuff. After being allegedly raped by two players on the football team, and harassed by the whole cheerleading team, she came to me for advice. A few days later she took a gun to her head. As I always do, I took it upon myself to composed a letter exposing the two young men. Two weeks later their remorse led them to take their own lives. Do I feel bad? Well, let me ask you this. Did anyone ever feel bad for me?

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Different Ways of Learning the Theory of Knowledge Free Essay Example, 1000 words

The reason is one of the important ways of learning in the Theory of Knowledge (TOK). The reasoning is the technique used by most philosophers to arrive at the truth. Reason helps to analyze the situation deeply and take decisions. Reason is not automatic; it comes through experience. Once a king groomed a monkey to be his most trustworthy and natural companion (Ashliman, 2002). The monkey was asked to keep strict vigilance while the king slept one day. The monkey soon found a bee hovering over his master and unable to bear that someone should disturb his master, the monkey drew out his sword and struck down the bee in a single stroke. The same blow split the king s head and any amount of explanation did not matter. The money was shunned by everyone but through this experience, people realized that it is better to have a clever enemy than a foolish friend. This also shows that the power of reasoning increases in times of trouble. Had the kind s head not been smashed, people would ne ver think of anything wrong in having a monkey (or a foolish entity) as a friend. We will write a custom essay sample on Different Ways of Learning the Theory of Knowledge or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Is Autism a Primarily Genetic Disease - 1448 Words

I. Introduction: Neurological disorders are complex in nature and often the least understood. Given the recent boom in imaging technology and other diagnostic methods, it is now possible to see more clearly into the scope of neurological development and accurately determine the etiology of these diseases. One of such disorders is Autism; a multifactorial condition impairing normal brain development. It affects many aspects of development, including social behavior, cognitive ability and communication skills1 and is commonly diagnosed in children before the age of three1. The symptoms of this condition can vary greatly between individuals; hence its classification as a spectrum disorder. Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome and pervasive†¦show more content†¦Mutations that occur during transcription are also linked to the expression of genes associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ASD candidate genes are genes normally related to synapse function, but when the enzyme topoisomerase is inhibited, the genes are not fully expressed4, factoring into the phenotypic expression of Autism. The individuals studied who were affected by ASD had a numerous amount of mutated genes relating to transcription function4. This result illustrates the relationship between transcription and the phenotypic expression of autism. Twin Studies also show that there is a strong genetic influence in autistics. In a study of 44 sets of twins, there was a high concordance rate of autism and other disorders on the ASD spectrum for monozygotic twins (92%)5. This suggests that the genetic similarity between MZ twins influences their risk of expressing Autism. Dizygotic twins however, had a much lower concordance5, supporting the hypothesis that there is a correlation between genetic similarity and Autism risk. According to the study, complications during pregnancy are not likely to be the cause of autism, but simply happen more often in twin pregnancies5. The association of severe brain damage in pregnancy and Autism has not been found in singletons5. In 29 cases of twins discordant for Autism, biological hazards associated with brain damage usually affected the autistic twin. ThisShow MoreRelatedEpigenetics And Autistic Spectrum Disorder1078 Words   |  5 Pages Epigenetics and Autistic Spectrum Disorder Jowan Jones Old Dominion University â€Æ' Abstract This paper plans to focus on autism spectrum disorder and how epigenetics contributes to the development of the disease. ASD is comorbid with other neurodevelopmental diseases including Rett Syndrome, Fragile X, Prader-Willi, and Angelman. These diseases have frequent, identifiable symptoms such as coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the nasal choanae, retardation of growth and or developmentRead MoreCommon Chromosomal Abnormalities Associated With Autism1434 Words   |  6 PagesFive other gene disorder that contributes to autism are (1) EN2 (Engrailed 2) involved in cerebellum development. (2) GABR (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid Receptor) regulates brain cell migration. (3) OXTR (Oxytocin Receptor) participating in the response to stress and social skills. (4) RELN (Reelin) involved in neuronal migration in the developing brain. (5) SLC6A4, a serotonin transporter gene† (Johnson, Giarelli, Lewis, Rice, 2013). As a result of all the researches done several chromoso mal lociRead More Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood Autism Spectrum Disorders Autism has been on the rise in the past 20 years, and is getting dangerously close to reaching epidemic proportions (Zelan, 1). Statistically, Autism rates have been rising in the United States with Autism now effecting 1 in every 150 children ages 10 and younger (Zelan, 1). Autism can occur in any race and does not gender discriminate, though boys are four times more likely to have Autism than girls (Castrogiovanni). The causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatmentRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder1278 Words   |  5 PagesStatistical evidences. ASD’s gender proportion suggests that the autism is sex-linked, and the statistical evidence convincingly shows that genetic factors are playing key role in the prevalence of ASD. To begin with, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published the relationship between the number of autistic boys and girls. The statistical evidence shows that boys are more inclined to become autist ic than girls. CDC states that 1 in 42Read MoreThe Anti Vaccine Movement1426 Words   |  6 Pagesto autism. The claim that the MMR vaccine causes autism is not backed by any scientific evidence and therefore should not be believed. Autism is a developmental disability that is caused by differences in how the brain functions. People with autism may communicate, interact, behave, and learn in different ways and show repetitive behaviors. About 1 in 68 children have been identified with autism in communities across the United States. According to the myth, children seemed to develop autism shortlyRead MoreAsperger Syndrome : A Disorder On The Autism Spectrum1210 Words   |  5 PagesAshley Knowles Dr. Chaviano ESE 309 Spring 2015 Asperger Syndrome Asperger syndrome, also known as, Asperger disorder is a disorder on the autism spectrum. Asperger syndrome is on the mild, or â€Å"high-functioning,† end. Many affected with Asperger’s learn to adjust and become very intelligent and live successful lives. In 1944, an Australian pediatrician named Hans Asperger observed four children who had difficulty integrating socially. The children lacked nonverbal communication skills, failedRead MoreVaccinations Should Be Mandatory?1739 Words   |  7 Pagesmillion people die from vaccine-preventable diseases each year; half of the people who die are children who are less than five years of age (Offit, 2014). When a person dies from a disease that has an available vaccine, that death could have been prevented. Parents do not vaccinate their children for an abundance of reasons. Although they feel that they are protecting their children, they are actually exposing them to countless life-threatening diseases. People who are not vaccinated cause problemsRead MoreImmunizations Is Better Than A Cure Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor concerns would be the health and safety of their children. Some parents believe that vaccines were to prevent the spread of dangerous transmittable diseases, also a re under the impression that vaccines present high risk factors for their children. Vaccination’s allow provide protection to children and adults against many varieties of disease, and when kids are vaccinated in the earlier stage immunity is created. This form of immunity protects the population from the risks of a virus spread, asRead MoreThe Controversy Of Autism Spectrum Disorder1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe Controversy Defining Autism Autism continues to spark countless discussions and debates throughout the medical field. Some doctors believe that autism is a neurological disorder that can and should be treated, as others continue to think it is simply a difference in human adaption that needs to be nurtured and acknowledged. Regardless of what autism may be, it continues to dramatically rise in the number of children and families affected. With autism being based on such a broad spectrum, theRead MoreAutism Is A Psychological Disorder1329 Words   |  6 PagesAutism continues to spark countless discussions and debates throughout the medical field. Some doctors believe that autism is a neurological disorder that can and should be treated, as others continue to think it is simply a difference in human adaption that needs to be nurtured and acknowledged. Regardless of what autism may be, it continues to dramatically rise in the number of children and families affected. With autism being based on such a broad spe ctrum, the affects and causes leaves the medical

The Epic of Gilgamesh - 2440 Words

The Epic of Gilgamesh The Epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient artifact from Sumerian literature. There actually was a King in Sumer by the name of Gilgamesh, who lived at about 2700 BC. The Epic casts Gilgamesh as a ruler and great hero and cast as being part man and part god. The story has Gilgamesh set off with a companion in search of cedar wood to bring back to their woodless land. His companion is killed during a violent storm. The Sumerian Epic blames the death upon the storm god, Enlil. Gilgamesh then searches for the plant that restores youth, a recurring theme throughout centuries of literature. The Epic concludes with Gilgamesh dying. The text points out that the Epic is deeply pessimistic and provides insight into the†¦show more content†¦This alliance became known as the Delian League. The time period for this is roughly 450 BC. The League members recognized Athens as the head of the League. Athens soon became very authoritarian in dealings with the member states often preventing them from independent and finally transferring the finances for the League from Delos to Athens. These funds simply became tribute to Athens. Short Answer Questions 1. Mesopatamian and Egyptian worldviews can be analyzed by looking at how each society viewed their gods, their roles in the world and their afterlife. The mes viewed their lives as being completely dependent upon the gods. The text notes that the mes felt that they were created by the gods merely to be slaves for the gods. The mes had a truly pessimistic view of their existence. The Egyptians viewed their kings as being divine and kings viewed their responsibility to maintain maat as being serious. This right order enabled the king to rule justly and bring social order and political control to Egypt. Egyptians believed in a pleasant life after death, where people were rewarded for living a good life. The Egyptians worshipped gods that they believed would extend favor onto them for doing good. This was much more optimistic view of existence than that of the Mes. The Code of Hammurabi from the mes did provide an attempt to establish a baseline of acceptable behavior for all to live by. The Egyptians to that same concept to a higherShow MoreRelatedGilgamesh And The Epic Of Gilgamesh988 Words   |  4 PagesThe maturation of Gilgamesh and his desire to acquire wisdom throughout his journey is quite apparent. By overcoming difficulties such as upholding Uruk, becoming friends with Enkidu, and various other scenarios, Gilgamesh proves that he did in fact grow up throughout the epic. As the epic starts, Gilgamesh is portrayed as a self-centered, self-admiring leader who believes that he is the only individual that can lead the city of Uruk. Gilgamesh believes that he is a god-like figure and often refersRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh : Gilgamesh1013 Words   |  5 Pages Gilgamesh in 2015 Even though the epic Gilgamesh is thousands of years old, it is still read today. Why would the era of technology read an epic this old? This is because the themes in Gilgamesh are still relevant. In addition, the themes are experiences that Gilgamesh went through in his life period, and serve as lessons for the current readers. Gilgamesh’s themes include journey, legacy, love, and death. These themes make Gilgamesh a vital reading for the 21st century citizens because peopleRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1194 Words   |  5 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian epic poem loosely based on a real king who ruled sometime around 2700 BCE. The standard version of this epic was written in the Akkadian language. In this epic poem, Gilgamesh is King of Uruk, he is one third mortal and two-thirds god; he is described as a strong, arrogant, and unruly king that does not show much consideration for his actions. Gilgamesh is a very egocentric person; he has no res pect for the feelings of others and does not care about howRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh909 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh† is a didactic story set out to expose the inevitability of death. The true meaning of this story is sometimes overlooked because the story is told in heighten language not easily understood. The epic hero in this story is Gilgamesh; he undertakes a quest for knowledge which is overshadowed by his ignorance. The tragic death of Enkidu, Gilgamesh’s trusted companion forces the epic hero to change his perception of death. To overcome great obstacles one must be willing to putRead MoreGilgamesh The Epic Of Gilgamesh877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh the lines that are repeated at the beginning and end of the epic show that only immortality a human can gain lies in creating things that last beyond a person’s lifetime. While at the beginning of the epic Gilgamesh is seeking eternal life, when he concl udes his journey he realizes that he has created an enduring legend through the foundation of his city, Uruk. Through this legend, Gilgamesh can live on in the memory of his people, long after he has passed away. The epic is ableRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh1422 Words   |  6 PagesIn the Epic of Gilgamesh there are many notable relationships but the relationship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu is hands down the most noteworthy. When analyzing the relationship of Gilgamesh and Enkidu there are many factors that go into play. It is really the sole foundation of the whole Sumerian epic and it really changes the whole personality of Gilgamesh. In order to get a better understanding of how the two characters complement each other we have to first break down their individual appearancesRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh876 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Epic of Gilgamesh a young man meets and befriends a wild man named Enkidu. Enkidu, once a man who lived among animal s, became civilized after having sex with a female. From this point on Gilgamesh and Enkidu’s relationship start, but shortly into the novel Enkidu becomes sick and dies. This is the start to Gilgamesh journey in attempting to avoid death by seeking immortality. In his quest Gilgamesh meets several people all who assign different routes to the next person he should speak to.Read MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1400 Words   |  6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story about Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk and Enkidu, their friendship, how Enkidu dies, how Gilgamesh mourns the death of his friend and finally he understands enlightened truth . Most of this story is narrated from Gilgamesh’s point of view. The story is set in Mesopotamia and the portrayal of Gilgamesh is ironical. He is described as a king of immense vigor and strength who is not benevolent with his subjectsRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh By Gilgamesh1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh was the earliest surviving written epic that told story of Gilgamesh king of Uruk that was the world first cities that was built along the Tigris and Euphrates River 5,000 years ago. Aruru created the human race, Enkidu and a wild man who roamed the pasture like a gazelle. The epic of Gilgamesh goddesses and scared harlots wild men who cavort in the fields with the gazelles kings who are descended from gods. The Urban Revolution was recognize the elemen ts of our own world byRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh Essay2053 Words   |  9 PagesWhile the women in the Epic of Gilgamesh may not be the primary focus of the epic, which instead recounts more of Gilgamesh’s own trials and travails, they still play quite vital roles in their interactions with both Enkidu and Gilgamesh. Women such as Shamhat, Ninsun, and Ishtar in The Epic of Gilgamesh are often portrayed with a particular emphasis on their intrinsic connections to civilization—and in the case of Shamhat and Ninsun, in terms of their motherly characteristics as well—which serves

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation Uncovered

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation Uncovered They don't want you to understand that story, he explained. Years in front of a grown black man would be regarded as as a guy and not a boy. He explained that growing up the one thing that could acquire black children from the hood was sports. A Black man goes to find an apartment after calling the landlord to make sure it was still offered. Clearly, politics deals with messy and complicated conditions, it therefore require for all its members to take part in order in order for it to run smoother, through the voice of the folks. Still you're able to accomplish a lot with less time and cost, provided that you're persistent in your endeavors. Sometimes it seems as though they don't get the honor that's due, and someone else receives the credit. The most obvious figure that's been touted as taking the movement to a different level was Martin Luther King Jr.. Therefore the prisoner progressed past the world of the firelight, and now into the domain of sunlight. A superb comprehension of a nation's political culture can help to make sense of the way a nation's government is designed, together with the political decisions its leaders make. Unquestionably, politics ought to be entrenched as a basis, for the interest of the democratic integrity of a person's nation. Knowing a nation's history gives someone a very clear p icture of the overall facets of a nation. By consistent training you can really boost your posture. I doubt whether there is a stronger theme in the entire musical literature of earth. The very first concept is among the most significant and that's stereotyping. There are a couple of concepts in the text that relate to the African American culture. Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation - What Is It? Also, there appears to be no way to receive the best clips, so it may work best either to assign part of the program as homework, or to stream it ahead of time so that you are able to discover the parts which are most relevant quickly. Without regard to the academic amount of the essay examples that you're looking for, we possess the subject material covered with ease, and would love for you to browse through the many distinct topics to observe this for yourself. EmpowermentEmployees don't always need to need to request permission. Participating in such a huge study from beginning to finish has validated my interest in academic research for a profession. Life After Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation Nearly the exact same proportion of the people is voting specialists. In 1917 there was massive financial confusion which resulted in substantial decrease in coal in the nation. The totally inactive, which is made up of twenty-two percent of the populace, don't take part in any politics. Its output couldn't be matched with that of totally free labor as a result of incidences of mutiny and sabotage. The Basic Facts of Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation Choose something which you find funny, and you may also vary between different pursuits. You skeleton sets some limitations of form and size you cannot surpass. On the flip side, racial discrimination is the action of subordinating an individual because of the color of the epidermis or race. For that reason, it has improved to an excellent extent, the structu re of the movie. The 5-Minute Rule for Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation It particularly aimed the southern portion of the USA. Therefore, the voting law was remade to be certain that everybody could vote. In the majority of schools, Black history doesn't consume the entire month. It should be taught in schools, as well as in the homes. When you think about political participation within this way, it's simple to observe that most U.S. citizens have some degree of political participation. African American civil rights has a very long history. Folks can relate with events that occurred in the nation in a more elaborate method. Although voting has become the most popular kind of participation, it's still not heavily practiced. What to Expect From Us History Essay Samples African American Political Participation? Years of trying hard to find the rights this country had denied them. In the America society, there's an influx of distinct populations that are entering in the nation. The protests which were made were mainly intended to put pressure on the sitting president throughout that time John F. Kennedy. You also have black Americans that come from all around the United States of america in various cities and neighborhoods with unique methods of living and growing up. It's the only developed country and one of only a couple of countries on earth that doesn't guarantee working mothers paid leave. However, there continue to be discrimination against African Americans, but I feel it will be solved. Today Islam in the black community is composed of black Americans that come from several backgrounds. Yet, politically, it has never been able to sufficiently capitalize on that status in order to receive the full benefits of life in America. Actually, the president himself receives criticisms that question his ability to lead because of the race which he belongs to. Therefore, they will never truly understand why they're in the position that they're in today. I believe that the most essential point is Do not quit. Now let's take a moment to check at a number of the big influences on nonparticipation.

Ignorance And Racism Essay Example For Students

Ignorance And Racism Essay Ignorance and RacismJoseph Conrad develops themes of personal power, individual responsibility, and social justice in his book Heart of Darkness. His book has all the trappings of the conventional adventure tale mystery, exotic setting, escape, suspense, unexpected attack.Chinua Achebe concluded, Conrad, on the other hand, is undoubtedly one of the great stylists of modern fiction and a good story-teller into the bargain (Achebe 252). Yet, despite Conrads great story telling, he has also been viewed as a racist by some of his critics. Achebe, Singh, and Sarvan, although their criticisim differ, are a few to name. Normal readers usually are good at detecting racism in a book. Achebeacknowledges Conrad camouflaged racism remarks, saying, But Conrad chose his subject well one which was guaranteed not to put him in conflict with psychological pre- disposition. .. (Achebe, 253). Having gone back and rereading Heart of Darkness, but this time reading between the lines, I have discovered some racism Conrad felt toward the natives that I had not discovered the first time I read the book. Racism is portrayed in Conrads book, but one must acknowledge that back in the eighteen hundreds society conformed to it. Conrad probably would have been criticized as being soft hearted rather than a racist back in his time.Conrad constantly referred to the natives, in his book, as black savages, niggers, brutes, and them, displaying ignorance toward the African history and racism towards the African people. Conrad wrote, Black figures strolled out listlessly. .. the beaten nigger groaned somewhere (Conrad 28). They passed me with six inches, without a glance, with the complete, deathlike indifference of unhappy savages (Conrad 19). Achebe, also,detected Conrads frequent use of unorthodox name calling, Certainly Conrad had a problem with niggers. His in ordinate love of that word itself should be of interest to psychoanalysts (Achebe 258).Conrad uses Marlow, the main character in the book, as a narrator so he himself can enter the story and tell it through his own philosophical mind. Conrad used double speak throughout his book. Upon arriving at the first station, Marlow commented what he observed. They were dying slowly it was very clear. They were not enemies, they were not criminals, they were nothing earthly now, nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation lying confusedly in the greenish gloom (Conrad 20). Marlow felt pity toward the natives, yet when he met the stations book keeper he changed his views of the natives. Moreover I respected the fellow. Yes. I respected his collars, his vast cuffs, his brushed hair. His appearance was certainly great demoralization of the land he kept up his appearance (Conrad 21). Marlow praised the book keeper as if he felt its the natives fault for living in such waste. the bureaucracy only cared about how he looked and felt.The bookeeper did not care for the natives who were suffering less than fifty feet from him. He stated the natives werent criminals but were being treated as if they were, but at the same time he respected the book keeper on his looks instead of despising him for his indifference. Conrad considered the Africans inferior and doomed people.Frances B. Singh, author of The Colonialistic Bias of Heart of Darkness said The African natives, victims of Belgian exploitation, are described as shapes, shadows, and bundles of acute angles, so as to show the dehumanizing effect of colonialist rule on the ruled (269-270). Another similar incident of double speak appeared on the death of Marlows helmsman. Marlow respected the helmsman, yet when the natives blood poured into Marlows shoes, To tell you the truth, I was morbidity anxious to change my shoes and socks (Conrad 47). How can someone respect yet feel disgusted towards someone?Singh looks into this question by stating, The reason of course, is because he (Marlow) never completely grants them (natives) human status: at the best they are a species of superior hyena (Singh 273). As I have mentioned before, Conrad was not only racist but also ignorant. He would often mix ignorance with racism when he described the natives. .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .postImageUrl , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:hover , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:visited , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:active { border:0!important; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:active , .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458 .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u11561c668a117d124f89b71a24327458:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Life On Other Planets Essay They howled and leaped and spun and made horrid faces, but what thrilled you was just the thought of their humanity like yours the thought of your remote kinship with this wild and passionate uproar. Ugly (Conrad 35). The prehistoric man was cursing us, praying to us, welcoming us who could tell? (Conrad 37). The end result of Conrads ignorance of not knowing the behavior of African people concluded his division of the social world into two separate categories: us, the Europeans, and them, the Africans. Achebe concludes Conrads ignorance towards the natives by stating, Heart of Darkness projects the image of Africa as the other world, a place where mans vaunted intelligence and ferment are finally mocked by triumphant bestiality (252). Heart of Darkness was written, consciously or unconsciously, from a colonialistic point of view (Singh 278). Conrad didnt write his book to the extreme of racism.Overall, the natives appeared better humans than the Europeans in Heart of Darkness.Conrads ignorance led to his conformity to racism. His ignorance of not completely granting the natives human status leads him to social categorization. C. P. Sarvan wrote in his criticism, quoting Achebe, Racism and the Heart of Darkness, Conrad sets up Africa as a foil to Europe, a place of negations. .. in comparison with which Europes own state of spiritual grace will be manifest. Africa is the other world,. .. (281).Achebe, Chinua [An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. ]Heart of Darkness. By Joseph Conrad 3rd ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical 1988.Conrad, Joseph Heart of Darkness 3rd ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical, 1988.Sarvan, C. P. [Racism and the Heart of Darkness. ] Heart of Darkness. By Joseph Conrad 3rd ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical 1988.Singh, Frances B. Heart of Darkness. By Joseph Conrad 3rd ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical 1988.

Honeywell International Success free essay sample

This paper introduces the reader to Honeywell International Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Honeywell International Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Honeywell is a world leader in the application of lean manufacturing and its Six Sigma Plus processes. With the use of carefully monitored cost standards, net present value in investment decisions, and the transparency of the company’s financial statements are all methods that Honeywell has successfully implemented and utilized to reach and maintain their status as a world-wide competitor. The company has continued its growth, despite the market downturn that began in 2007, and continues to prove its resilience and pioneering spirit by continually improving their product lines, globally expanding their market, and, monitoring and maintaining financial stability. Its forward thinking and willingness to take risk will provide Honeywell the capacity to maintain its role as a major competitor and contributor to the growth and recovery of our economy. Table of Contents Page Abstract2 Company Overview4 Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing8 The Use of Standard Costs11 The Use of Net Present Value14 Summary15 References18 Honeywell International Inc. is an American based advanced-technology company that manufactures aerospace and automotive products; residential, commercial, and industrial control systems; specialty chemicals and plastics; and engineered materials. Its assent into history can be traced back to 1885, spanning 125 years of history. Honeywell International is a $38 billion diversified technology and manufacturing leader, with 132,000 employees in over 100 countries and it a Fortune 75 Company. It is a diverse and global-wide organization and is a leading supplier of avionics and electronics, consumable hardware, engine controls, environmental controls, landing systems, power systems, propulsion engines, aerospace services and space products, and systems for the aerospace industry, as well as Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) of commercial, regional, business and military aircraft and spacecraft. Today, its main competitors in the aerospace defense product and service industry are BorgWarner Inc. , Johnson Controls Inc. and United Technologies Corp. State-of-the-art technology, world known brands and global solutions have placed Honeywell in the unique position as one of the premier worldwide suppliers in the aerospace industry, offering solutions of systems, products and services to the largest aerospace and airline companies in the industry. Throughout their 125 years in business, Honeywell has helped revolutionize the aerospace industry with its dedication to research and development and its enthusiasm to advance technology in their various markets. Honeywells reliable and efficient aerospace services and support programs deliver the right level of engineering expertise, maintenance services and asset availability solutions to simplify operations while keeping systems and equipment at peak operational performance. It has proven to be successful in its quest for growth and global expansion from the time of inception. Their quest to acquire and expand began in 1927; the original company, Minneapolis Heat Regulator Company, and Honeywell Heating Specialty Co. merged to form the Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co. From the merger, the name Honeywell was adopted and has remained the same since. In the course of its acquisitions, Honeywell purchased other businesses whose focus was in the controls area; among those acquisitions, was Brown Instrument Co. who was a wide-reaching leader in the field of industrial controls and indicators. This acquisition further increased their already successful market to a wider range of customers, as Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co. had already established an overseas trading agreement with Japanese distributors such as Yamatake Trading Company. It was no surprise that, in 1934, Honeywell pursued and eventually acquired Time-O-Stat Controls Corporation. With the acquisition of Time-O-Stat, Honeywell further expanded its global presence, establishing offices in Toronto, Canada and The Netherlands; a few years later, they had offices in London and Stockholm. By 1941, Honeywell had expanded into markets in Chile, Panama, Trinidad, New Zealand, Argentina, and South Africa. By 1972, it operated 25 wholly-owned subsidiaries, 142 branch offices, and joint ventures in five countries outside the U. S. True to its reputation as a risk taker, Honeywell ventured into the computer industry. This venture was brief and by 1991 Honeywell was on longer in the computer business. Even though the venture was short lived, it proved to be of great value; Honeywell used the knowledge gained from their digital computer experience and applied it to the traditional field of automation control, integrating sensors, and activators. In 1986, Honeywell purchased Sperry Aerospace, and markedly enhanced its position in the aerospace industry. Edson Spencer, Honeywell chairman and chief executive officer, said the purchase was among the most important his company had made, It is an outstanding opportunity for Honeywell that positions us for the long term in a market that is expected to have significant growth for the next 10 years commercial and military aviation (Arnold, 2012). This purchase made Honeywell the worlds leading integrator of avionics systems, incorporation flight controls, space vehicles, and the first FAA-certified wind shear warning system. It continued to expand, and by 1993, the company continued its world-wide expansion by opening affiliates in Abu Dhabi, China, Oman, Romania, and the Ukraine. In a span of 26 years, Honeywell had operations in 95 countries through 83 wholly-owned subsidiaries and 13 joint ventures. One of the most noted and discussed mergers occurred in 1999 when AlliedSignal, a diverse manufacturer, bought Honeywell for $13. 8 billion in stock. AlliedSignal kept the Honeywell name, merging offices, and closed its Morristown, New Jersey headquarters. The merger resulted in a major restructuring for Honeywell which added to its product line and services. The deal created a company with $25 billion in annual sales and a market capitalization in excess of $45 billion. The merger gave the combined company the marketing edge, providing their airline customers to take advantage of new technology that would boost cost savings for both parties. In an unexpected turn, the early part of 2001 brought difficulties for Honeywell when the European Commission rejected the purchase of Honeywell by General Electric (GE). In October 2001, Honeywell and GE, the largest corporation in the world and the number one producer of jet engines, announced the intent to embark on one of the largest industrial mergers in history. The plan was for GE to acquire Honeywell, the largest worldwide supplier of non-engine aerospace equipment. During negotiations it was anticipated that there would be no antitrust problem; as GE and Honeywell were not competitors and not part of the same supply chain. The merger was intended to bring together complementary products that were component parts of large jet aircraft. The deal would have been the largest industrial merger in history. Instead, it became recognized as the first, and so far only, merger between US companies to be derailed solely by the European anti-trust authorities, while being cleared by the US Department of Justice (DoJ). On July 3, 2001, in an unprecedented act, the EU officially rejected the planned $42 billion acquisition of Honeywell International Inc. , by GE. The merger was denied by the EU after concluding that the merger would create or strengthen dominant positions on several markets and that the remedies proposed by G.E. were insufficient to resolve the competition concerns resulting from the proposed acquisition of Honeywell. The merger between G. E. and Honeywell, as it was notified, would have severely reduced competition in the aerospace industry and resulted ultimately in higher prices for customers, particularly airlines† (Pellegrini, 2001). Despite the fact that the GE buyout failure was a stumbling block, Honeywell used the experience to strengthen its core businesses by continuing to develop and introduce new products. The company started an aggressive acquisition strategy with the goal to increase revenues and decrease cost in a strategy that, â€Å"†¦divested small, underperforming operations, reduced the number of suppliers, and streamlined operations in small ways elsewhere† Honeywell History, n. a. ) The results paid off for Honeywell, as they continued to win a large percentage of their contract bids, sales were ahead of budget, and the rate of turnover in managers did not significantly increase from the same period in the prior year, and customer satisfaction was up. Honeywell faced some challenges after the GE debacle, however, by making changes it displayed that tenacity, hard work and a willingness to take risk, can result in huge payoffs. Honeywell continued to streamline and improve their lean manufacturing processes, i. e. Six Sigma Plus, implement and ensure compliance of the company code of conduct and maintain its dominance as a government contractor. Honeywell began its Six Sigma process and concept of self-managed teams in 1995 to â€Å"drive data-based decision making, ensure quality levels, and improve customer satisfaction† (Crager, 2007). Through training, leadership, and senior management support, Honeywell successfully developed their Six Sigma program. In late 2001 Honeywell combined the concepts of lean manufacturing and Six Sigma in a program called Six Sigma Plus to create a more robust program. The program was designed to align improvement objectives directly with business needs by integrating top talent and generating bottom-line results. Six Sigma Plus is an overall strategy to accelerate improvements in all processes, products and services, and reduce the punitive cost of poor quality through elimination of waste and reduction of defects and variations. One of the ultimate aims documented in the Six Sigma Plus strategy is providing maximum value to customers by applying a logical and structured approach to all business processes. One of the pluses of Six Sigma is that it empowered employees, allowing them to make decisions that impacted how their unit or line was performing. This provided Honeywell an excellent tool that is a highly respected measure of excellence. (M. Calderon, personal communication, May 1, 2012) Honeywell took the basic concept of Six Sigma and created its own version which is known as Six Sigma Plus. It is currently used across all businesses and brands to drive growth and productivity. â€Å"The standard operates by providing a measurement of how effective the organization is in eliminating defects and variations from processes. To meet its requirements, a process must operate at 3. 4 defects or less per million opportunities. This equates to 99. 9997% error free† (Six Sigma Plus, n. d. ). Conscious application of the Six Sigma methodology to all business processes delivers greater value to its customers and makes Honeywell a more desirable business partner. The implementation of lean manufacturing processes has enabled Honeywell to maintain tight controls in all aspects of the managerial accounting processes. With the use of managerial accounting, Honeywell has ensured that their productions and service is well planned and controlled. With the budget cuts facing government, private sector job loss, and tightened markets, it is impressive that Honeywell has continued to maintain its sales growth in the United States. The diversity of Honeywell’s world-wide enterprise, exemplifies the importance of a creative corporate marketing approach. Honeywell consists of unique business units, with each, offering a variety of products and services. Strategies and implementation of those strategies must be developed and executed at the corporate, business unit, and product levels. Overall, strategy and long-term planning are guided by the company’s vision and stated mission. At the business level, planning begins with an examination of the current situation, including technological changes and competitive effects. By using this type of analysis, Honeywell is better equipped to address and identify threats and new business opportunities. Decisions to pursue new opportunities are followed by establishing a set of objectives, often stated in terms of market share, sales volume, or profitability. Subsequently, business and marketing strategies are developed to achieve those objectives. Effective execution of strategy in implementation must then occur for objectives to be realized. Effective financial statement analysis will be a primary indicator that indicates the progress and demonstrates whether company goals are being met. Honeywell has been a leader in their industry in planning and control and have used financial analysis in depth to evaluate and control their growth and profitability. It continues to be effective in identifying opportunities to improve the organization’s efficiency and in developing strategic plans to realize those opportunities. By using a diversity of analytical tools Honeywell is better prepared in making operating decisions, such as how and where products are to be manufactured and serviced, whether insourcing or outsourcing is more equitable, and whether to expand and the area to expand to. Timely and accurate financial statement preparation is critical to the success or failure of a business. The financial officer, owner, partner or members management team of a business must review the business financial statements and have a good understanding of them. Financial statements are critical to Honeywell’s ability to make solid, informed decisions. Such decisions are needed in order for Honeywell to meet one of its primary goals, which is to realize a high rate of return on their investments. The measurement and success of this initiative is arrived at by measuring it against other industry averages. This information helps Honeywell understand that current initiatives do show a market response. In view of the fact that the industry average can be general in nature the industry average should be used as a guide. A failure to use the data appropriately can mislead investors and have a disastrous affect on Honeywell’s reputation and marketability. Achieving their strategic plan will not only involve Honeywell’s internal planning and controlling, but it will also involve the support of creditors and investors. Both are key players in providing capital needs to support new initiatives and milestones; the use of financial statements in this process will no doubt be the backbone of the decision making process. It is difficult to know the health and direction of a company if financial statements are not reviewed in a timely manner. In its pursuit of investors, or the success in the results of an external audit, the financial statements are the ultimate representation of company’s financial position. In general accounting practices, Honeywell uses process costing for its furnace thermostats (home products division) and job costing for customized aerospace contracting products. When thinking in terms of standard costs and whether they would be beneficial, one factor to consider is the fact that Honeywell is a world-wide producer with operations in many countries outside of the United States (US). There are ramifications when doing business overseas as well as doing business in the US and each scenario has its own benefits and consequences that are unique to specified circumstances. Honeywell, like their competitors has migrated to low cost countries because of the labor rate differential. The move to overseas production creates additional concerns and dynamics. World-class manufacturing in today’s competitive environment demands more than a single-minded focus on eliminating defects. Since the introduction of Six Sigma and Lean tools to their operations over a decade ago, Honeywell has delivered significant results for customers in terms of the quality, delivery and value of our products and services. To achieve competitive advantage in today’s environment, Honeywell has continued to build on its Six Sigma and Lean foundation, and identify new ways to differentiate themselves. Benchmark companies such as Toyota and Nissan use Six Sigma and Lean tools. Like Honeywell, they also have a disciplined management system that standardizes work and engage employees in improving work processes. In doing this, organizations have achieved tremendous performance improvements. The Honeywell Operating System is a comprehensive, integrated approach to managing their organization. It is characterized by a consistent focus on results for the benefit of our customers, not on the use of specific tools. The objective is to simplify and standardize processes everywhere, to remove variation across operations, and to drive significant and sustainable improvements in safety, quality, delivery and cost. Employees are encouraged use tools such as Six Sigma, in achieving a common purpose: global wide use of an operating system that consistently yields excellent results for the customers and the company. Implementing standardized cost standards is not an easy task and it will take time. Honeywell maintains that standardization will evolve to fit different business environments and changing customer needs and will become an essential part of the process that will bind their company across business and geographic boundaries. Honeywell’s workforce consists of residents of the country they are in to satisfy requirements imposed by foreign nations. It is almost mandatory to have overseas operations to reduce labor and material costs; however, these operations come with high risk. Foreign workers are not always equipped with the necessary skills to perform the manufacturing duties required by a highly technical company. The expense of employing and developing such a workforce can create additional costs. In determining what the additional costs, standard costs prove beneficial because they would provide Honeywell the ability to budget costs with a great understanding and degree of confidence. A standard cost system allows a company to factor in methods that would absorb the periods in which higher costs are identified due to foreign employment development and when costs are low or minimal due to workforce stabilization. In its foreign production, Honeywell will have to set attainable standards in order maintain its performing baseline. Another factor in foreign operations is the volatile condition of the world. The United States is not always welcomed in other countries. It is not uncommon for a common protest to turn into a major world crisis. Such examples are those of the uprisings in Israel and Libya. Honeywell hosts operations in Israel, where relations between the government and the general population are volatile and unpredictable. In addition, we have seen several instances where regimes have changed power and attitudes toward the US in a matter of days. Standard costing is paramount as an aide for monitoring and managing the risk of unpredictability. It is a healthy practice that can protect Honeywell from severe monetary damage if a foreign tragedy should affect the business. The information obtained from standard costing aides Honeywell against the volatility of today’s markets and the strategy of its competitors. Honeywell is continuously improving its processes, products and management style to maintain their competitive edge. To be competitive, Honeywell will continue to use their standard cost system to help them execute planning and control of their strategic priorities. Tracking costs will also help Honeywell identify weakness and variances in their production system. Undetected problems in the areas of materials and labor can eventually raise variance to a point of hindering Honeywell from maintaining their core competencies. Consequently, today’s market provides no room for error, but every opportunity for a competitor to gain the lead. In many respects, some of the rationale that goes into using standard costs also applies to formulating the right strategy to gain a positive Net Present Value. Honeywell’s reach is global and therefore its investment opportunities are also global. Due to the unique factors involved with global markets, it is necessary for Honeywell to perform critical planning for investment decisions. Honeywell has a reputation as an organization that is willing to take risks to make money. It has done that by acquiring other business or expanding its existing facilities for future business. Such expansions are expensive and these expansions require additional staff which adds to the cost of investment. Large expenditures are a challenge to control the net present value (NPV) and require clear identification of cost and risks in order to be a success. Strategic moves, such as partnering with the national government, can leverage the way to a positive NPV. In this approach, there are tradeoff between the corporation and the government in which both interests can be mutually met. Corporation’s like Honeywell utilize these paths in order to reduce investment costs and have accurate projections for calculating and incorporating NPV baselines. Because of the ongoing activity of many investments occurring at one time, it is critical that Honeywell has complete knowledge of their NPV and ensure profitable investments are achieved. Failing to do this can result in major losses, especially when an unplanned shortfall occurs. Although the investment sounds promising, it is critical that NPV is properly measured. It is also advisable from an NPV and program management position that Honeywell phase its investment into NPV milestones which help determine if they should move forward to the next phase of the investment. This process would provide a safeguard while allowing the innovation to prove itself. While the actual rate of return (IRR) that  a given project ends up generating will often differ from its estimated IRR rate, a project with a substantially higher IRR value than other available options would still provide a much better chance of strong growth. IRRs can also be compared against prevailing rates of return in the securities market. If a firm cant find any projects with IRRs greater than the returns that can be generated in the financial markets, it may simply choose to invest its retained earnings into the market. The need for Honeywell to practice continuous NPV drills in a market with circumstances such as those faced in China by US companies, is critical. While both countries maintain a civil business partnership, there is an unspoken adversarial relationship which creates instability. China is strategically positioning itself as a global power therefore, the relationship between both countries is precarious and any misstep by Honeywell could severely damage the existing business relationship. Another potential concern for Honeywell is that China is currently the largest lender to the US. At the point that China reaches the economic capacity to sustain its prosperity internally, we have to ask ourselves if they will request repayment by the US prior to maturity dates. As we have seen in several European countries, a request of that magnitude could destabilize an already fragile US economy. In consideration of this scenario, and other contributing factors, Honeywell should be careful in investment planning, and phase its activities so that the NPV is not contingent upon results that will take a long period to realize a return. In summary, Honeywell has proven itself as a world leader of technology. This corporation is known world-wide and is a household name. Honeywell leads the way in advanced switching and sensing technology in their home division, and its aerospace division. In spite of the GE failure, it has kept its mark on the global economy through market highs and lows and has maintained its dominant position in an extremely competitive industry. As a long-time survivor and global competitor on the world stage, Honeywell continues to make its mark in history by developing innovative safety products, driving the modernization of global air traffic management, revolutionizing combat technology and their commitment to improving operational efficiencies. Honeywell continues to display their dominance with its diversity and profitable risk taking ventures. Perhaps Honeywell’s greatest strength has been the fact that it has adapted to a world that is ever changing and has embraced the challenge that other companies find daunting. With the continued vision to improve processes for safety, quality and cost, reducing waste, and using integrated strategies Honeywell continues to be a standard for their industry. They continue to be innovative and competitive and have a strong commitment to bringing profitable products that their customers need and want. Due to the diversity and competitive market that Honeywell has chosen to operate in, it is of extreme importance that the company maintains sound financial practices that will support the moral fiber and marketability of the company. As Honeywell moves into the future I believe they will continue to perfect their processes to produce the right financial statements, useful in calculating their position in the market, and providing the best advice for investment decisions. The proper use of standard costs and net present value are an example of the critical tools that ensure Honeywell continues to thrive in today’s unknown global conditions. Also critical to the success of Honeywell is the continued utilization of strong and proper ethical practices as the company is well known, world-wide competitor and a representative of the American business ethics and values. Whether it is in the Middle Eastern or the Far East, Honeywell is known and recognized; such a position makes it important for Honeywell to be transparent in its fiscal disclosures. Sound financial practices are essential to Honeywell in order for the company to continue its success and market dominance. Primary emphasis on these practices will serve to maintain Honeywells status and help them make the most profitable investment decisions for their investors and the company. As recent as April 23, 2012, Honeywell declared a â€Å"regular quarterly dividend of $0. 3725 per share on the companys outstanding common stock. The dividend is payable on June 8, 2012 to shareowners of record at the close of business on May 18, 2012† (Honeywell Declares Quarterly Dividend, 2012). If this is any indication, Honeywell will continue to be a viable global competitor and financial contributor to our financial and job market. Honeywell is an excellent example of an organization that is forward thinking and proactive. It has operated with a strong ethical code of conduct, strong financial discipline and an ever present focus on the future. This methodology and ideology will ensure their continued financial growth and market expansion. It is apparent that their cost standards, lean processes, and disciplined managerial financial management has enabled them to overcome obstacles, secure their position as a global competitor and a viable contender in today’s competitive, technology-oriented world.